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Modern Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCADA systems used by the electric utility industry to monitor and control electric power generation, transmission and distribution are recognized today as critical components of the electric…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-10-31 Leandros A. Maglaras , Jianmin Jiang , Tiago J. Cruz

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are composed of various embedded subsystems and require specialized software, firmware, and hardware to coordinate with the rest of the system. These multiple levels of integration expose attack surfaces which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Smitha Gautham , Georgios Bakirtzis , Matthew T. Leccadito , Robert H. Klenke , Carl R. Elks

This paper presents a novel, safe control architecture (SCA) for controlling an important class of systems: safety-critical systems. Ensuring the safety of control decisions has always been a challenge in automatic control. The proposed SCA…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-01 Maryam Nezami , Georg Maennel , Hossam Seddik Abbas , Georg Schildbach

One of the most familiar SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) application protocols now is OPC protocol. This interface is supported by almost all SCADA, visualization, and process control systems. There are many research…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-06-17 Hosny A. Abbas , Ahmed M. Mohamed

The smart grid is a large-scale complex system that integrates communication technologies with the physical layer operation of the energy systems. Security and resilience mechanisms by design are important to provide guarantee operations…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Quanyan Zhu

Blockchains are distributed systems, in which security is a critical factor for their success. However, despite their increasing popularity and adoption, there is a lack of standardized models that study blockchain-related security threats.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Ivan Homoliak , Sarad Venugopalan , Qingze Hum , Daniel Reijsbergen , Richard Schumi , Pawel Szalachowski

Computer systems are so complex, so they are usually designed and analyzed in terms of layers of abstraction. Complexity is still a challenge facing logical reasoning tools that are used to find software design flaws and implementation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Ramy Shahin

Complex, interconnected cyber-physical systems (CPS) are increasingly prevalent in domains such as power systems. Cyber-resilient architectures have been proposed to recover compromised cyber components of CPS. Recent works have studied…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Eman Badr , Abdullah Al Maruf

This article presents a model for describing the architecture of software-intensive systems, based on the use of multiple, concurrent views. This use of multiple views allows to address separately the concerns of the various stakeholders of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Philippe Kruchten

According to the World Economic Forum, cyber attacks are considered as one of the most important sources of risk to companies and institutions worldwide. Attacks can target the network, software, and/or hardware. During the past years, much…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Tara Ghasempouri , Jaan Raik , Cezar Reinbrecht , Said Hamdioui , Mottaqiallah Taouil

Today, there is a plethora of software security tools employing visualizations that enable the creation of useful and effective interactive security analyst dashboards. Such dashboards can assist the analyst to understand the data at hand…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Georgios Bakirtzis , Brandon J. Simon , Cody H. Fleming , Carl R. Elks

The power grid is a critical infrastructure essential for public safety and welfare. As its reliance on digital technologies grows, so do its vulnerabilities to sophisticated cyber threats, which could severely disrupt operations. Effective…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Omer Sen , Bozhidar Ivanov , Christian Kloos , Christoph Zol_ , Philipp Lutat , Martin Henze , Andreas Ulbig

Security risk management can be applied on well-defined or existing systems; in this case, the objective is to identify existing vulnerabilities, assess the risks and provide for the adequate countermeasures. Security risk management can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-04-09 Stéphane Paul

Today by growing network systems, security is a key feature of each network infrastructure. Network Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) provide defense model for all security threats which are harmful to any network. The IDS could detect and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-03-06 Mehdi Bahrami , Mohammad Bahrami

We develop a layered quantum computer architecture, which is a systematic framework for tackling the individual challenges of developing a quantum computer while constructing a cohesive device design. We discuss many of the prominent…

Software security visualization is an interdisciplinary field that combines the technical complexity of cybersecurity, including threat intelligence and compliance monitoring, with visual analytics, transforming complex security data into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Ishara Devendra , Chaman Wijesiriwardana , Prasad Wimalaratne

Often, security is considered in an advanced stage of the implementation of a system, rather than integrating it into the system design. This leads to less secure systems, as the security mechanisms are only applied as an afterthought and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-08-13 Michael Tänzer

With an increasing degree of automation, automated vehicle systems become more complex in terms of functional components as well as interconnected hardware and software components. Thus, holistic systems engineering becomes a severe…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Gerrit Bagschik , Marcus Nolte , Susanne Ernst , Markus Maurer

Analyzing privacy threats in software products is an essential part of software development to ensure systems are privacy-respecting; yet it is still a far from trivial activity. While there have been many advancements in the past decade,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Kim Wuyts , Avi Douglen

Effectiveness of information security of automated process control systems, as well as of SCADA, depends on data transmissions protection technologies applied on transport environments components. This article investigates the problem of…