Related papers: On the principal impossibility to prove P=NP
The hypercube 2-segmentation problem is a certain biclustering problem that was previously claimed to be NP-hard, but for which there does not appear to be a publicly available proof of NP-hardness. This manuscript provides such a proof.
We examine a generalization of the binomial distribution associated with a strictly increasing sequence of numbers and we prove its Poisson-like limit. Such generalizations might be found in quantum optics with imperfect detection. We…
This paper is devoted to the structure of the complete asymptotic expansion of the probability that a large combinatorial object is irreducible or consists of a given number of irreducible parts, where irreducibility is understood in terms…
Most integers are composite and most univariate polynomials over a finite field are reducible. The Prime Number Theorem and a classical result of Gau{\ss} count the remaining ones, approximately and exactly. For polynomials in two or more…
The NP-complete Permutation Pattern Matching problem asks whether a permutation P (the pattern) can be matched into a permutation T (the text). A matching is an order-preserving embedding of P into T. In the Generalized Permutation Pattern…
We consider a combinatorial problem occurring naturally in a group theoretical setting and provide a constructive solution in a special case. More precisely, in 1999 the author established a logarithmic bound for the derived length of the…
Relativistic heavy ion collisions offer the possibility to produce exotic metastable states of nuclear matter containing (roughly) equal number of strangeness compared to the content in baryon number. The reasoning of both their stability…
The permanent versus determinant conjecture is a major problem in complexity theory that is equivalent to the separation of the complexity classes VP_{ws} and VNP. Mulmuley and Sohoni (SIAM J. Comput., 2001) suggested to study a…
Hard instances of natural computational problems are often elusive. In this note we present an example of a natural decision problem, the word problem for a certain finitely presented group, whose hard instances are easy to find. More…
Recently, there has been a discussion on the origin of the quantum probability rules (Deutsch quant-ph/9906015, Polley quant-ph/9906124, Barnum et al. quant-ph/9907024, Finkelstein quant-ph/9907004). This contribution, which is a slightly…
Representing graphs by their homomorphism counts has led to the beautiful theory of homomorphism indistinguishability in recent years. Moreover, homomorphism counts have promising applications in database theory and machine learning, where…
Recently, table-top experiments involving massive quantum systems have been proposed to test the interface of quantum theory and gravity. In particular, the crucial point of the debate is whether it is possible to conclude anything on the…
We determine, within 1, the value of N for which sum (s1 choose i)(s2 choose N)(s1 choose N-i)(N choose i) achieves its maximum value. Here s1 and s2 are fixed integers. This problem arises in studying the most likely value for the size of…
We consider the combinatorial problem where $p$ players aim to a complete set of $N$ different types of items (species) which are uniformly distributed. Let the random variables $T_{N(i)},\,\,i=1,2,\cdots,p$ denoting the number of trials…
The CMI Millennium "P vs NP Problem" can be resolved e.g. if one shows at least one counterexample to the conjecture "P is equal to NP". A certain class of problems being such counterexamples is formulated. This implies the rejection of the…
We prove the #P-hardness of the counting problems associated with various satisfiability, graph and combinatorial problems, when restricted to planar instances. These problems include \begin{romannum} \item[{}] {\sc 3Sat, 1-3Sat, 1-Ex3Sat,…
We show that the problem of finding a Resolution refutation that is at most polynomially longer than a shortest one is NP-hard. In the parlance of proof complexity, Resolution is not automatizable unless P = NP. Indeed, we show it is…
Ever since entanglement was identified as a computational and cryptographic resource, researchers have sought efficient ways to tell whether a given density matrix represents an unentangled, or separable, state. This paper gives the first…
Computational complexity is a core theory of computer science, which dictates the degree of difficulty of computation. There are many problems with high complexity that we have to deal, which is especially true for AI. This raises a big…
In the number partitioning problem (NPP) one aims to partition a given set of $N$ real numbers into two subsets with approximately equal sum. The NPP is a well-studied optimization problem and is famous for possessing a…