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We propose a new method for retrieving the atmospheric number density profile in the lower thermosphere, based on the X-ray Earth occultation of the Crab Nebula with the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (\emph{Insight}-HXMT) Satellite. The…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-08 Daochun Yu , Haitao Li , Baoquan Li , Mingyu Ge , Youli Tuo , Xiaobo Li , Wangchen Xue , Yaning Liu

The joint interpretation of very high resolution SAR and optical images in dense urban area are not trivial due to the distinct imaging geometry of the two types of images. Especially, the inevitable layover caused by the side-looking SAR…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-01-24 Yuanyuan Wang , Xiao Xiang Zhu

A polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) system, which uses multiple images acquired with different polarizations in both transmission and reception, has the potential to improve the description and interpretation of the observed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Dehbia Hanis , Luca Pallotta , Augusto Aubry , Aichouche Belhadj-Aissa , Antonio De Maio

A purposely built deep learning algorithm for the Verification of Earth-System ParametERisation (VESPER) is used to assess recent upgrades of the global physiographic datasets underpinning the quality of the Integrated Forecasting System…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-10-25 Tom Kimpson , Margarita Choulga , Matthew Chantry , Gianpaolo Balsamo , Souhail Boussetta , Peter Dueben , Tim Palmer

Accurate temperature measurement at the nanoscale is crucial for thermal management in next-generation microelectronic devices. Existing optical and scanning-probe thermometry techniques face limitations in spatial resolution, accuracy, or…

Data derived from remote sensing or numerical simulations often have a regular gridded structure and are large in volume, making it challenging to find accurate spatial models that can fill in missing grid cells or simulate the process…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-07 Sweta Rai , Douglas W. Nychka , Soutir Bandyopadhyay

For oceanographic applications, probabilistic forecasts typically have to deal with i) high-dimensional complex models, and ii) very sparse spatial observations. In search-and-rescue operations at sea, for instance, the short-term…

Applications · Statistics 2023-02-15 Florian Beiser , Håvard Heitlo Holm , Jo Eidsvik

An accurate knowledge of the scattering length is fundamental in ultracold quantum gas experiments and essential for the characterisation of the system as well as for a meaningful comparison to theoretical models. Here, we perform a careful…

This paper examines how to compare stellar limb-darkening coefficients evaluated from model atmospheres with those derived from photometry. Different characterizations of a given model atmosphere can give quite different numerical results…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Ian D. Howarth

Upcoming cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing measurements and tomographic galaxy surveys are expected to provide us with high-precision data sets in the coming years, thus paving the way for fruitful cross-correlation analyses. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-27 Priyesh Chakraborty , Shu-Fan Chen , Cora Dvorkin

Earth System Models (ESMs) are the state of the art for projecting the effects of climate change. However, longstanding uncertainties in their ability to simulate regional and local precipitation extremes and related processes inhibit…

Applications · Statistics 2017-07-20 Evan Kodra , Singdhansu Chatterjee , Stone Chen , Auroop R. Ganguly

The analysis of the surface texture from the particle (grain size, shape and internal structure) to its organization (surface roughness) provides information on the geological processes. CRISM multi-angular observations (varied emission…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 J. Fernando , F. Schmidt , C. Pilorget , P. Pinet , X. Ceamanos , S. Douté , Y. Daydou , F. Costard

Astrophysical foreground substraction is crucial to retrieve the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization out of the observed data. Recent efforts have been carried out towards the development of a minimally informed component…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-08 Clément Leloup , Magdy Morshed , Arianna Rizzieri

The statistics of the temperature anisotropies in the primordial cosmic microwave background radiation field provide a wealth of information for cosmology and for estimating cosmological parameters. An even more acute inference should stem…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. L. Starck , Y. Moudden , J. Bobin

We discuss the DISORT-based radiative transfer pipeline ('CRISM_LambertAlb') for atmospheric and thermal correction of MRO/CRISM data acquired in multispectral mapping mode (~200 m/pixel, 72 spectral channels). Currently, in this phase-one…

We use the GALPROP model for cosmic-ray (CR) propagation to obtain our best prediction of the Galactic component of gamma rays, and show that away from the Galactic plane it gives an accurate prediction of the observed EGRET intensities. On…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. W. Strong , I. V. Moskalenko , O. Reimer

An influential step in weather forecasting was the introduction of ensemble forecasts in operational use due to their capability to account for the uncertainties in the future state of the atmosphere. However, ensemble weather forecasts are…

Applications · Statistics 2023-05-25 Mária Lakatos , Sebastian Lerch , Stephan Hemri , Sándor Baran

Meta-backscatter system that utilizes meta-material sensors is a promising enabler for future environmental sensing, offering distinct advantages such as low cost, zero-power consumption, and robustness. Specifically, the electromagnetic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Mengyuan Cao , Xu Liu , Hongliang Zhang

Measurements of the upper atmosphere at ~100 km are important to investigate climate change, space weather forecasting, and the interaction between the Sun and the Earth. Atmospheric occultations of cosmic X-ray sources are an effective…