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Granger Causality (GC) offers an elegant statistical framework to study the association between multivariate time series data. Vector autoregressive models (VAR) are simple and easy to fit, but have limited application because of their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Malik Shahid Sultan , Hernando Ombao , Maurizio Filippone

We study Granger causality in the context of wide-sense stationary time series, where our focus is on the topological aspects of the underlying causality graph. We establish sufficient conditions (in particular, we develop the notion of a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-19 R. J. Kinnear , R. R. Mazumdar

Climate change detection and attribution (D&A) is concerned with determining the extent to which anthropogenic activities have influenced specific aspects of the global climate system. D&A fits within the broader field of causal inference,…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-14 Mark D. Risser , Mohammed Ombadi , Michael F. Wehner

The Granger framework is useful for discovering causal relations in time-varying signals. However, most Granger causality (GC) methods are developed for densely sampled timeseries data. A substantially different setting, particularly common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Minh Nguyen , Gia H. Ngo , Mert R. Sabuncu

Multivariate time series anomaly detection has numerous real-world applications and is being extensively studied. Modeling pairwise correlations between variables is crucial. Existing methods employ learnable graph structures and graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Zehao Liu , Mengzhou Gao , Pengfei Jiao

We discuss the use of multivariate Granger causality in presence of redundant variables: the application of the standard analysis, in this case, leads to under-estimation of causalities. Using the un-normalized version of the causality…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-14 L. Angelini , M. de Tommaso , D. Marinazzo , L. Nitti , M. Pellicoro , S. Stramaglia

Inference of causality is central in nonlinear time series analysis and science in general. A popular approach to infer causality between two processes is to measure the information flow between them in terms of transfer entropy. Using…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2015-04-16 Jie Sun , Erik M. Bollt

Probabilistic graphical models are a fundamental tool in statistics, machine learning, signal processing, and control. When such a model is defined on a directed acyclic graph (DAG), one can assign a partial ordering to the events occurring…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-10-05 Maxim Raginsky

Causality in time series can be challenging to determine, especially in the presence of non-linear dependencies. Granger causality helps analyze potential relationships between variables, thereby offering a method to determine whether one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Harsh Poonia , Felix Divo , Kristian Kersting , Devendra Singh Dhami

Explaining underlying causes or effects about events is a challenging but valuable task. We define a novel problem of generating explanations of a time series event by (1) searching cause and effect relationships of the time series with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-26 Dongyeop Kang , Varun Gangal , Ang Lu , Zheng Chen , Eduard Hovy

Important information on the structure of complex systems, consisting of more than one component, can be obtained by measuring to which extent the individual components exchange information among each other. Such knowledge is needed to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-13 Daniele Marinazzo , Mario Pellicoro , Sebastiano Stramaglia

Inferring linear dependence between time series is central to our understanding of natural and artificial systems. Unfortunately, the hypothesis tests that are used to determine statistically significant directed or multivariate…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-24 Oliver M. Cliff , Leonardo Novelli , Ben D. Fulcher , James M. Shine , Joseph T. Lizier

Granger causality analysis, as one of the most popular time series causality methods, has been widely used in the economics, neuroscience. However, unobserved confounders is a fundamental problem in the observational studies, which is still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Yuan Meng

This paper indicates causality as the tool that unifies the analysis of both activations and connectivity of brain areas, obtained with fMRI data. Causality analysis is commonly applied to study connectivity, so this work focuses on…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-02-25 Nevio Dubbini

Granger causality, a popular method for determining causal influence between stochastic processes, is most commonly estimated via linear autoregressive modeling. However, this approach has a serious drawback: if the process being modeled…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-06-29 Lionel Barnett , Anil K. Seth

A model-free measure of Granger causality in expectiles is proposed, generalizing the traditional mean-based measure to arbitrary positions of the conditional distribution. Expectiles are the only law-invariant risk measures that are both…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-25 Roberto Fuentes-Martínez , Irene Crimaldi

Concepts of Granger causality (GC) and Granger autonomy (GA) are central to assess the dynamics of coupled physiologic processes. While causality measures have been already proposed and applied in time and frequency domains, measures…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-20 Laura Sparacino , Yuri Antonacci , Chiara Barà , Angela Valenti , Alberto Porta , Luca Faes

This article investigates the causality structure of financial time series. We concentrate on three main approaches to measuring causality: linear Granger causality, kernel generalisations of Granger causality (based on ridge regression and…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2014-06-17 Anna Zaremba , Tomaso Aste

Causal inference in brain networks has traditionally relied on regression-based models such as Granger causality, structural equation modeling, and dynamic causal modeling. While effective for identifying directed associations, these…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-01 Moo K. Chung , Luigi Maccotta , Aaron Struck

Recent developments enable the quantification of causal control given a structural causal model (SCM). This has been accomplished by introducing quantities which encode changes in the entropy of one variable when intervening on another.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Francisco N. F. Q. Simoes , Mehdi Dastani , Thijs van Ommen