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Half of the satellite galaxies of Andromeda form a narrow plane termed the Great Plane of Andromeda (GPoA), and their line-of-sight velocities display correlation reminiscent of a rotating structure. Recently reported first proper motion…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-12-22 Marcel S. Pawlowski , Sangmo Tony Sohn

We present the first comparison between the lifetime star formation histories (SFHs) of M31 and Milky Way (MW) satellites. Using the Advanced Camera for Surveys aboard the Hubble Space Telescope, we obtained deep optical imaging of…

The highly anisotropic distribution and apparent alignment of the Galactic satellites in polar great planes begs the question how common such distributions are. The satellite system of M31 is the only nearby system for which we currently…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Koch , E. K. Grebel

In a recent contribution, Bahl \& Baumgardt investigated the incidence of planar alignments of satellite galaxies in the Millennium-II simulation, and concluded that vast thin planes of dwarf galaxies, similar to that observed in the…

Inspired by recent studies of the Milky Way--LMC interaction and its implications for the Milky Way's global dynamical history, we investigate how the massive satellite galaxy M33 influences Andromeda's (M31) center of mass (COM) position…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-04 Ekta Patel , Nicolas Garavito-Camargo , Ivanna Escala

We present deep spectroscopy from Keck/DEIMOS of Andromeda I, III, V, VII, and X, all of which are dwarf spheroidal satellites of M31. The sample includes 256 spectroscopic members across all five dSphs. We confirm previous measurements of…

(abridged) The Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda (M31) galaxies possess rotating planes of satellites. Their formation has not been explained satisfactorily yet. It was suggested that the MW and M31 satellites are ancient tidal dwarf galaxies,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-06-13 Michal Bílek , Ingo Thies , Pavel Kroupa , Benoit Famaey

We exploit data from the Pan-Andromeda Archaeological Survey (PAndAS) to study the extended structures of M31's dwarf elliptical companions, NGC147 and NGC185. Our wide-field, homogeneous photometry allows to construct deep colour-magnitude…

Surface photometry of the M31 satellites M32 and NGC 205 is compared to numerical simulations of satellite destruction to constrain orbital parameters and the interaction history of the M31 subgroup. Our analysis reveals the following…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 Philip I. Choi , Puragra Guhathakurta , Kathryn V. Johnston

We undertake an investigation into the spatial structure of the M31 satellite system utilizing the distance distributions presented in a previous publication. These distances make use of the unique combination of depth and spatial coverage…

We present the discovery of five new dwarf galaxies, Andromeda XXIII-XXVII, located in the outer halo of M31. These galaxies were found in the second year of data from the Pan-Andromeda Archaeological Survey (PAndAS) of the M31/M33…

We measure the absolute proper motion of Andromeda III using ACS/WFC and WFPC2 exposures spanning an unprecedented 22-year time baseline. The WFPC2 exposures have been processed using a deep-learning centering procedure recently developed…

Current models of galaxy formation predict that galaxy pairs of comparable magnitudes should become increasingly rare with decreasing luminosity. This seems at odds with the relatively high frequency of pairings among dwarf galaxies in the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Azadeh Fattahi , Julio F. Navarro , Else Starkenburg , Christopher R. Barber , Alan W. McConnachie

We present a comprehensive analysis of the structural properties and luminosities of the 23 dwarf spheroidal galaxies that fall within the footprint of the Pan-Andromeda Archaeological Survey (PAndAS). These dwarf galaxies represent the…

Photometric surveys of M31's halo vividly illustrate the wreckage caused by hierarchical galaxy formation. Several of M31's satellites are being disrupted by M31's tidal field, among them M33 and And I, while other tidal structures are the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-19 Mark A. Fardal

We build a statistical framework to infer the global properties of the satellite system of the Andromeda galaxy (M31) from the properties of individual dwarf galaxies located in the Pan-Andromeda Archaelogical Survey (PAndAS) and the…

The flattened, possibly co-rotating plane of satellite galaxies around Centaurus A, if more than a fortuitous alignment, adds to the pre-existing tension between the well-studied Milky Way and M31 planes and the $\Lambda$CDM model of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-01-19 Kosuke Jamie Kanehisa , Marcel S. Pawlowski , Oliver Müller , Sangmo Tony Sohn

The HST WFPC2 camera has been used to image Andromeda II, a dwarf spheroidal (dSph) companion to M31. The resulting color-magnitude diagrams reveal the morphology of the horizontal branch (HB) in this dwarf galaxy. We find that like…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 G. S. Da Costa , T. E. Armandroff , Nelson Caldwell , Patrick Seitzer

We present the discovery of two new dwarf galaxies, Andromeda XXI and Andromeda XXII, located in the surroundings of the Andromeda and Triangulum galaxies (M31 and M33). These discoveries stem from the first year data of the Pan-Andromeda…

We present a census of variable stars in six M31 dwarf spheroidal satellites observed with the Hubble Space Telescope. We detect 870 RR Lyrae (RRL) stars in the fields of And I (296), II (251), III (111), XV (117), XVI (8), XXVIII (87). We…