Related papers: Air expansion in the water rocket
Numerical hydrodynamics simulations of gases dominated by ideal, nondegenerate matter pressure and thermal radiation pressure in equilibrium entail finding the temperature as part of the evolution. Since the temperature is not typically a…
We develop a model for the thermodynamics and evaporation dynamics of aerosol droplets of a liquid such as water, surrounded by the gas. When the temperature and the chemical potential (or equivalently the humidity) are such that the vapour…
We study the long-term evolution of relativistic jets in collapsars and examine the effects of viewing angle on the subsequent gamma ray bursts. We carry out a series of high-resolution simulations of a jet propagating through a stellar…
A general scaling of the evolution of an exploding liquid jet under an ultra short and intense X-ray pulse from a X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) is proposed. A general formulation of the conservation of energy for blasts in vacuum…
This is the third in a series of three papers in which we study a lattice gas subject to Kawasaki dynamics at inverse temperature $\beta>0$ in a large finite box $\Lambda_\beta \subset \mathbb{Z}^2$ whose volume depends on $\beta$. Each…
Gas bubble growth as a result of diffusion flux of dissolved gas molecules from the surrounding supersaturated solution to the bubble surface is studied. The condition of the flux steadiness is revealed. A limitation from below on the…
The particle emission in relativistic hydrodynamic model is formulated assuming a sharp 3-dimensional space-time freeze-out hypersurface. The boundary conditions correspond to the energy-momentum and charge conservation between fluid and…
The thermodynamic formalism expresses chaotic properties of dynamical systems in terms of the Ruelle pressure $\psi(\beta)$. The inverse-temperature like variable $\beta$ allows one to scan the structure of the probability distribution in…
The static and dynamical properties of heavy water have been studied at ambient conditions with extensive Car-Parrinello molecular-dynamics simulations in the canonical ensemble, with temperatures ranging between 325 K and 400 K.…
In this paper, we investigate quantitatively the coupling between gradients of temperature and of chemical or water potential under steady state conditions in the vapor phase. This coupling is important for the measurement and modeling of…
Thermodynamic gas power cycles achieving Carnot efficiency require isothermal expansion, which is associated with slow processes and results in negligible power output. This study proposes a practical method for rapid near-isothermal gas…
An analysis of the projectile motion in stagnant air is presented for an evaporating respiratory micro-droplet which has been ejected from the mouth as an isolated droplet. It is assumed that the air resistance is a nonlinear function of…
We extend and successfully apply a recently proposed microstate nonequilibrium thermodynamics to study expansion/contraction processes. Here, the numbers of initial and final microstates are different so they cannot be connected by unique…
Tensors describing boost-invariant and cylindrically symmetric expansion of a relativistic dissipative fluid are decomposed in a suitable chosen basis of projection operators. This leads to a simple set of scalar equations which determine…
Accessing the ballistic regime of single particles in liquids remains an experimental challenge that shrouds our understanding of the particle-liquid interactions on exceedingly short time scales. We demonstrate the ballistic measurements…
We study the influence of the matter content of extragalactic jets on their morphology, dynamics and emission properties. For this purpose we consider jets of extremely different compositions including pure leptonic and baryonic plasmas.…
In many textbooks of thermodynamics, the polytropic process is usually introduced by defining its process equation rather than analyzing its actual origin. We realize a polytropic process of an ideal gas system when it is thermally contact…
A key ingredient of hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy ion collisions is thermal initial conditions, an input that is the consequence of a pre-thermal dynamics which is not completely understood yet. In the paper we employ a…
We present numerical solutions of the 2D relativistic hydrodynamics equations describing the deceleration and expansion of highly relativistic conical jets, of opening angles 0.05<theta<0.2, propagating into a medium of uniform density. Jet…
Breakup of a liquid jet into a chain of droplets is common in nature and industry. Previous researchers developed profound mathematic and fluid dynamic models to address this breakup phenomenon starting from tiny perturbations. However, the…