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We develop a two-dimensional cellular automaton (CA) as a simple model for agents moving from origins to destinations. Each agent moves towards an empty neighbor site corresponding to the minimal distance to its destination. The…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 Najem Moussa

We construct a two dimensional Cellular Automata based model for the description of pedestrian dynamics. Wide range of complicated pattern formation phenomena in pedestrian dynamics are described in the model, e.g. lane formation, jams in a…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2012-11-29 Quntao Zhuang

This paper presents a rotation-invariant embedded platform for simulating (neural) cellular automata (NCA) in modular robotic systems. Inspired by previous work on physical NCA, we introduce key innovations that overcome limitations in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Dominik Woiwode , Jakob Marten , Bodo Rosenhahn

We introduce Neural Particle Automata (NPA), a Lagrangian generalization of Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) from static lattices to dynamic particle systems. Unlike classical Eulerian NCA where cells are pinned to pixels or voxels, NPA model…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Hyunsoo Kim , Ehsan Pajouheshgar , Sabine Süsstrunk , Wenzel Jakob , Jinah Park

A number-conserving cellular automaton is a cellular automaton whose states are integers and whose transition function keeps the sum of all cells constant throughout its evolution. It can be seen as a kind of modelization of the physical…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2008-09-03 Katsunobu Imai , Bruno Martin

Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) models are trainable variations of traditional Cellular Automata (CA). Emergent motion in the patterns created by NCA has been successfully applied to synthesize dynamic textures. However, the conditions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yitao Xu , Ehsan Pajouheshgar , Sabine Süsstrunk

Three reasonable hypotheses lead to the thesis that physical phenomena can be described and simulated with cellular automata. In this work, we attempt to describe the motion of a particle upon which a constant force is applied, with a…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2016-03-09 Pablo Arrighi , Gilles Dowek

In this paper we study the dynamics of 1- and 2- dimensional cellular automata, using a 2-adic representation of the states, we give a simple graphical technique for finding periodic solutions. We also study the continuity properties of the…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2007-07-06 Xu Xu , Yi Song , Stephen P. Banks

We propose a three dimensional mechanical model of embryonic tissue dynamics. Mechanically coupled adherent cells are represented as particles interconnected with elastic beams which can exert non-central forces and torques. Tissue…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-06-22 Andras Czirok , Dona Greta Isai

Many biological processes are supported by special molecules, called motor proteins or molecular motors, that transport cellular cargoes along linear protein filaments and can reversibly associate to their tracks. Stimulated by these…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-11-17 Akriti Jindal , Anatoly B. Kolomeisky , Arvind Kumar Gupta

Based on recent experiments with time-lapse fluorescent imaging, we propose a cellular automaton model for the dynamics of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) in angiogenic morphogenesis. The model successfully reproduces cell mixing behavior,…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2015-07-22 Keisuke Matsuya , Hiroki Kurihara , Tetsuji Tokihiro

Cellular automata can show well known features of quantum mechanics, such as a linear rule according to which they evolve and which resembles a discretized version of the Schroedinger equation. This includes corresponding conservation laws.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-25 Hans-Thomas Elze

We consider discrete and integer-valued cellular automata (CA). A particular class of which comprises "Hamiltonian CA" with equations of motion that bear similarities to Hamilton's equations, while they present discrete updating rules. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-03 Hans-Thomas Elze

We say that a Cellular Automata (CA) is coalescing when its execution on two distinct (random) initial configurations in the same asynchronous mode (the same cells are updated in each configuration at each time step) makes both…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2007-05-23 Jean-Baptiste Rouquier , Michel Morvan

Cellular Automata(CA) is a discrete computing model which provides simple, flexible and efficient platform for simulating complicated systems and performing complex computation based on the neighborhoods information. CA consists of two…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2011-12-12 Debasis Das , Rajiv Misra

We present some computer simulations run on a stochastic CA (cellular automaton). The CA simulates a gas of particles which are in a channel, the interval $[1,L]$ in $\mathbb Z$, but also in "reservoirs" $\mathcal R_1$ and $\mathcal R_2$.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-04-26 Matteo Colangeli , Anna De Masi , Errico Presutti

Classical Cellular Automata (CCAs) are a powerful computational framework widely used to model complex systems driven by local interactions. Their simplicity lies in the use of a finite set of states and a uniform local rule, yet this…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2025-03-20 Enrico Formenti , Faizal Hafiz , Amelia Kunze , Davide La Torre

This paper concerns $d$-dimensional cellular automata with the von Neumann neighborhood that conserve the sum of the states of all their cells. These automata, called number-conserving or density-conserving cellular automata, are of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Barbara Wolnik , Anna Nenca , Jan M. Baetens , Bernard De Baets

The transport and chemical reactions of solutes are modelled as a cellular automaton in which molecules of different species perform a random walk on a regular lattice and react according to a local probabilistic rule. The model describes…

comp-gas · Physics 2009-10-22 T. Karapiperis , B. Blankleider

We present a diagrammatic method to build up sophisticated cellular automata (CAs) as models of complex physical systems. The diagrams complement the mathematical approach to CA modeling, whose details are also presented here, and allow CAs…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2018-04-03 Vladimir García-Morales