Related papers: POPCORN: A comparison of binary population synthes…

Researchers have demonstrated that humans are unable to generate a sequence of random numbers that corresponds in a statistical sense to a simple distribution such as the uniform distribution. The purpose of this article is to present the…

We have compared the kinematics and metallicity of the main sequence binary and single {\it uvby} F stars from the {\it HIPPARCOS} catalog to see if the populations of these stars originate from the same statistical ensemble. The velocity…

In recent years, research unveiled more and more evidence for the so-called Bayesian Brain Paradigm, i.e. the human brain is interpreted as a probabilistic inference machine and Bayesian modelling approaches are hence used successfully. One…

Nowadays there are several classes of constrained codes intended for different applications. The following two large classes can be distinguished. The first class contains codes with local constraints; for example, the source data must be…

We present a probabilistic formulation of the classical problem of synthesizing spectral properties of a galaxy using a base of star clusters. The problem consists of estimating the population vector x, composed by the contributions of…

Scientific knowledge develops through cumulative discoveries that build on, contradict, contextualize, or correct prior findings. Scientists and journalists often communicate these incremental findings to lay people through visualizations…

Binary populations in young star clusters show multiplicity fractions both lower and up to twice as high as those observed in the Galactic field. We follow the evolution of a population of binary stars in dense and loose star clusters…

Many, possibly most, stars form in binary and higher-order multiple systems. Therefore, the properties and frequency of binary systems provide strong clues to the star-formation process, and constraints on star-formation models. However,…

The recent advanced LIGO detections of gravitational waves from merging binary black holes enhance the prospect of exploring binary evolution via gravitational-wave observations of a population of compact-object binaries. In the face of…

Assessing equity in treatment of a subpopulation often involves assigning numerical "scores" to all individuals in the full population such that similar individuals get similar scores; matching via propensity scores or appropriate…

After being trained, classifiers must often operate on data that has been corrupted by noise. In this paper, we consider the impact of such noise on the features of binary classifiers. Inspired by tools for classifier robustness, we…

Individual components of well-detached binary systems are assumed to be two single-like stars with a common origin, i.e. they share the same chemical composition and same age. Therefore, one expects to fit the observed parameters of both…

An algorithm is presented for approximating a single-user channel with a prime input alphabet size. The result is an upgraded version of the channel with a reduced output alphabet size. It is shown that this algorithm can be used to reduce…

Synthetic population is an increasingly important material used in numerous areas such as urban and transportation analysis. Traditional methods such as iterative proportional fitting (IPF) is not capable of generating high-quality data…

Machine learning models often perform poorly on subgroups that are underrepresented in the training data. Yet, little is understood on the variation in mechanisms that cause subpopulation shifts, and how algorithms generalize across such…

Independently developed codebases typically contain many segments of code that perform same or closely related operations (semantic clones). Finding functionally equivalent segments enables applications like replacing a segment by a more…

Program code contains functions, variables, and data structures that are represented by names. To promote human understanding, these names should describe the role and use of the code elements they represent. But the names given by…

In this paper, on the sublinear expectation space, we establish a comparison theorem between independent and convolutionary random vectors, which states that the partial sums of those two sequences of random vectors are identically…

Recent years have seen a boom in interest in machine learning systems that can provide a human-understandable rationale for their predictions or decisions. However, exactly what kinds of explanation are truly human-interpretable remains…

Binary star systems are assumed to be co-natal and coeval, thus to have identical chemical composition. In this work we aim to test the hypothesis that there is a connection between observed element abundance patterns and the formation of…