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In this paper we present a simple linear-time algorithm constructing a context-free grammar of size O(g log(N/g)) for the input string, where N is the size of the input string and g the size of the optimal grammar generating this string.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-11-08 Artur Jeż

We explore various methods for computing sentence representations from pre-trained word embeddings without any training, i.e., using nothing but random parameterizations. Our aim is to put sentence embeddings on more solid footing by 1)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-30 John Wieting , Douwe Kiela

In this paper we present a robust parsing algorithm based on the link grammar formalism for parsing natural languages. Our algorithm is a natural extension of the original dynamic programming recognition algorithm which recursively counts…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Dennis Grinberg , John Lafferty , Daniel Sleator

Likelihood training and maximization-based decoding result in dull and repetitive generated texts even when using powerful language models (Holtzman et al., 2019). Adding a loss function for regularization was shown to improve text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Evgeny Lagutin , Daniil Gavrilov , Pavel Kalaidin

Speculative decoding relies on fast and accurate drafters. Recent state-of-the-art language models employ larger and larger vocabularies, which significantly slows down drafters. One promising approach to boost the efficiency of speculative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Nadav Timor , Jonathan Mamou , Oren Pereg , Hongyang Zhang , David Harel

In automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, recurrent neural network language models (RNNLM) are used to rescore a word lattice or N-best hypotheses list. Due to the expensive training, the RNNLM's vocabulary set accommodates only small…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Yerbolat Khassanov , Eng Siong Chng

This work is a survey of the main results reported for the degree of extension of two models defining non-regular languages, namely the context-free grammar and the extended automaton over groups. More precisely, we recall the main results…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Victor Mitrana , Mihaela Păun

The avoidability, or unavoidability of patterns in words over finite alphabets has been studied extensively. A word (pattern) over a finite set is said to be unavoidable if, for all but finitely many words, there exists a morphism mapping…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Paul Sauer

In recent years, the generation of conversation content based on deep neural networks has attracted many researchers. However, traditional neural language models tend to generate general replies, lacking logical and emotional factors. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Jia Li , Xiao Sun , Xing Wei , Changliang Li , Jianhua Tao

We propose a two-stage neural model to tackle question generation from documents. First, our model estimates the probability that word sequences in a document are ones that a human would pick when selecting candidate answers by training a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Sandeep Subramanian , Tong Wang , Xingdi Yuan , Saizheng Zhang , Yoshua Bengio , Adam Trischler

In this paper we consider a transformer with an $n$-gram structure, such as the one underlying ChatGPT. The transformer provides next word probabilities, which can be used to generate word sequences. We consider methods for computing word…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Yuchao Li , Dimitri Bertsekas

Fluency is a crucial goal of all Natural Language Generation (NLG) systems. Widely used automatic evaluation metrics fall short in capturing the fluency of machine-generated text. Assessing the fluency of NLG systems poses a challenge since…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Gopichand Kanumolu , Lokesh Madasu , Pavan Baswani , Ananya Mukherjee , Manish Shrivastava

Large pre-trained language models have been shown to store factual knowledge in their parameters, and achieve state-of-the-art results when fine-tuned on downstream NLP tasks. However, their ability to access and precisely manipulate…

Pseudo-Random Numbers Generators (PRNGs) are algorithms produced to generate long sequences of statistically uncorrelated numbers, i.e. Pseudo-Random Numbers (PRNs). These numbers are widely employed in mid-level cryptography and in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Luca Pasqualini , Maurizio Parton

Structured language models for speech recognition have been shown to remedy the weaknesses of n-gram models. All current structured language models are, however, limited in that they do not take into account dependencies between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Rens Bod

Evaluating Natural Language Generation (NLG) systems is a challenging task. Firstly, the metric should ensure that the generated hypothesis reflects the reference's semantics. Secondly, it should consider the grammatical quality of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Md Rashad Al Hasan Rony , Liubov Kovriguina , Debanjan Chaudhuri , Ricardo Usbeck , Jens Lehmann

In this report we present a system that can generate political speeches for a desired political party. Furthermore, the system allows to specify whether a speech should hold a supportive or opposing opinion. The system relies on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-21 Valentin Kassarnig

We show how to generate random derangements efficiently by two different techniques: random restricted transpositions and sequential importance sampling. The algorithm employing restricted transpositions can also be used to generate random…

Computation · Statistics 2020-08-17 J. R. G. Mendonça

We propose a new approach to nondeterministic random number generation. In theory, the randomness originated from the uncorrelated nature of consecutive laser pulses with Poissonian photon number distribution and that of the consecutive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Wei Wei , Hong Guo

We study the problem of generating interesting integer sequences with a combinatorial interpretation. For this we introduce a two-step approach. In the first step, we generate first-order logic sentences which define some combinatorial…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Martin Svatoš , Peter Jung , Jan Tóth , Yuyi Wang , Ondřej Kuželka