Related papers: The canonical Naimark extension for the Pauli quan…
We obtain a formal characterization of the compatibility or otherwise of a set of positive-operator-valued measures (POVMs) via their Naimark extensions. We show that a set of POVMs is jointly measurable if and only if there exists a single…
In quantum theory general measurements are described by so-called Positive Operator-Valued Measures (POVMs). We show that in $d$-dimensional quantum systems an application of depolarizing noise with constant (independent of $d$) visibility…
Generalized measurements, also called positive operator-valued measures (POVMs), can offer advantages over projective measurements in various quantum information tasks. Here, we realize a generalized measurement of one and two…
We propose a scheme to implement general quantum measurements, also known as Positive Operator Valued Measures (POVMs) in dimension $d$ using only classical resources and a single ancillary qubit. Our method is based on the probabilistic…
We revisit the problem of finding the Naimark extension of a probability operator-valued measure (POVM), i.e. its implementation as a projective measurement in a larger Hilbert space. In particular, we suggest an iterative method to build…
Measuring the state of quantum computers is a highly non-trivial task, with implications for virtually all quantum algorithms. We propose a novel scheme where identical copies of a quantum state are measured jointly so that all Pauli…
Random-phase homodyne tomography of the field intensity is a concrete example of the Quantum Roulette of Helstrom. In this paper we give the explicit POM of such measurement and compare it with direct photodetection and heterodyne…
We consider the problem of estimating quantum observables on a collection of qubits, given as a linear combination of Pauli operators, with shallow quantum circuits consisting of single-qubit rotations. We introduce estimators based on…
We address the implementation of the positive operator-valued measure (POVM) describing the optimal M-outcomes discrimination of the polarization state of a single photon. Initially, the POVM elements are extended to projective operators by…
Three extensions and reinterpretations of nonclassical probabilities are reviewed. (i) We propose to generalize the probability axiom of quantum mechanics to self-adjoint positive operators of trace one. Furthermore, we discuss the…
It is important problem to clarify the class of implementable quantum measurements from both fundamental and applicable viewpoints. Positive-Operator-Valued Measure (POVM) measurements are implementable by the indirect measurement methods,…
Generalized quantum measurements (POVMs or POMs) are important for optimally extracting information for quantum communication and computation. The standard realization via the Neumark extension requires extensive resources in the form of…
We explore further the suggestion to describe a pre- and post-selected system by a two-state, which is determined by two conditions. Starting with a formal definition of a two-state Hilbert space and basic operations, we systematically…
Measurement incompatibility is one of the cornerstones of quantum theory. This phenomenon appears in many forms, of which the concept of non-joint measurability has received considerable attention in the recent years. In order to…
We consider the problem of jointly estimating expectation values of many Pauli observables, a crucial subroutine in variational quantum algorithms. Starting with randomized measurements, we propose an efficient derandomization procedure…
Randomized measurements are useful for analyzing quantum systems especially when quantum control is not fully perfect. However, their practical realization typically requires multiple rotations in the complex space due to the adoption of…
A quantum measurement can be described by a set of matrices, one for each possible outcome, which represents the positive operator-valued measure (POVM) of the sensor. Efficient protocols of POVM extraction for arbitrary sensors are…
A non-Boolean extension of the classical probability model is proposed. The non-Boolean probabilities reproduce typical quantum phenomena. The proposed model is more general and more abstract, but easier to interpret, than the quantum…
We propose a scheme that can realize a class of positive-operator-valued measures (POVMs) by performing a sequence of projective measurements on the original system, in the sense that for an arbitrary input state the probability…
We tackle the dynamical description of the quantum measurement process, by explicitly addressing the interaction between the system under investigation with the measurement apparatus, the latter ultimately considered as macroscopic quantum…