Related papers: Presburger arithmetic, rational generating functio…
It is a classical result in rational approximation theory that certain non-smooth or singular functions, such as $|x|$ and $x^{1/p}$, can be efficiently approximated using rational functions with root-exponential convergence in terms of…
We introduce a new notion of "regularity structure" that provides an algebraic framework allowing to describe functions and / or distributions via a kind of "jet" or local Taylor expansion around each point. The main novel idea is to…
We consider the first-order theory of random variables with the probabilistic independence relation, which concerns statements consisting of random variables, the probabilistic independence symbol, logical operators, and existential and…
A common theme of enumerative combinatorics is formed by counting functions that are polynomials evaluated at positive integers. In this expository paper, we focus on four families of such counting functions connected to hyperplane…
Let $G$ be a model of Presburger arithmetic. Let $\mathcal{L}$ be an expansion of the language of Presburger $\mathcal{L}_{Pres}$. In this paper we prove that the $\mathcal{L}$-theory of $G$ is $\mathcal{L}_{Pres}$-minimal iff it has the…
In this note, we present a characterization of sets definable in Skolem arithmetic, i.e., the first-order theory of natural numbers with multiplication. This characterization allows us to prove the decidability of the theory. The idea is…
A numerical semigroup $S$ is a subset of the non-negative integers containing $0$ that is closed under addition. The Hilbert series of $S$ (a formal power series equal to the sum of terms $t^n$ over all $n \in S$) can be expressed as a…
Second-order polynomials generalize classical first-order ones in allowing for additional variables that range over functions rather than values. We are motivated by their applications in higher-order computational complexity theory,…
We develop a complexity theory for approximate real computations. We first produce a theory for exact computations but with condition numbers. The input size depends on a condition number, which is not assumed known by the machine. The…
A graph $G$ is defined encapsulating the number theoretic notion of the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic. We then provide a graph theoretic approach to the fundamental results on the coprimality of two natural numbers, through the use of…
Multiple binomial sums form a large class of multi-indexed sequences, closed under partial summation, which contains most of the sequences obtained by multiple summation of products of binomial coefficients and also all the sequences with…
Simplification of fractional powers of positive rational numbers and of sums, products and powers of such numbers is taught in beginning algebra. Such numbers can often be expressed in many ways, as this article discusses in some detail.…
We study algebraic algorithms for expressing the number of non-negative integer solutions to a unimodular system of linear equations as a function of the right hand side. Our methods include Todd classes of toric varieties via Gr\"obner…
We survey general properties of multiplicative arithmetic functions of several variables and related convolutions, including the Dirichlet convolution and the unitary convolution. We introduce and investigate a new convolution, called gcd…
In previous papers on this project a general static logical framework for formalizing and mechanizing set theories of different strength was suggested, and the power of some predicatively acceptable theories in that framework was explored.…
A generalization of the classical Lipschitz summation formula is proposed. It involves new polylogarithmic rational functions constructed via the Fourier expansion of certain sequences of Bernoulli--type polynomials. Related families of…
The decomposition of the tensor product of a positive and a negative discrete series representation of the Lie algebra su(1,1) is a direct integral over the principal unitary series representations. In the decomposition discrete terms can…
For two relatively prime square-free positive integers $a$ and $b$, we study integers of the form $a p+b P_{2}$ and give a new lower bound for the number of such representations, where $a p$ and $b P_{2}$ are both square-free, $p$ denote a…
Counting the number of prime numbers up to a certain natural number and describing the asymptotic behavior of such a counting function has been studied by famous mathematicians like Gauss, Legendre, Dirichlet, and Euler. The prime number…
Natural numbers can be divided in two non-overlapping infinite sets, primes and composites, with composites factorizing into primes. Despite their apparent simplicity, the elucidation of the architecture of natural numbers with primes as…