Related papers: Congruent Numbers and Heegner Points

We provide an upper bound on the uniform exponent of approximation to a triple (xi, xi^2, xi^3) by rational numbers with the same denominator, valid for any transcendental real number xi. This upper bound refines a previous result of…

We say that the order of an algebraic number $A$ is the minimum of positive integers $k$ such that $A^k$ is rational. In this paper, we show that the number of algebraic numbers $A$ with order $k$ such that \[ A,\ A^A,\ A^{A^A},\ \ldots \]…

A standard method for finding a rational number from its values modulo a collection of primes is to determine its value modulo the product of the primes via Chinese remaindering, and then use Farey sequences for rational reconstruction.…

A classical result in number theory is Dirichlet's theorem on the density of primes in an arithmetic progression. We prove a similar result for numbers with exactly k prime factors for k>1. Building upon a proof by E.M. Wright in 1954, we…

We obtain a recursive formula for the number of rational degree $d$ curves in $\mathbb{CP}^2$ that pass through $3d+1-m$ generic points and that have an $m$-fold singular point. The special case of counting curves with a triple point was…

In this paper we develop the convergence theory of simultaneous, inhomogeneous Diophantine approximation on manifolds. A consequence of our main result is that if the manifold $M \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ is of dimension strictly greater than…

This is an English translation from the Latin original of Leonhard Euler's ``Solutio facilior problematis Diophantei circa triangulum, in quo rectae ex angulis latera opposita bisecantes rationaliter exprimantur''. In this paper, Euler…

An elliptic divisibility sequence, generated by a point in the image of a rational isogeny, is shown to possess a uniformly bounded number of prime terms. This result applies over the rational numbers, assuming Lang's conjecture, and over…

Given $\eta=\begin{pmatrix} a&b\\c&d \end{pmatrix}\in \text{GL}_2(\mathbb{Q})$, we consider the number of rational points on the genus one curve \[H_\eta:y^2=(a(1-x^2)+b(2x))^2+(c(1-x^2)+d(2x))^2.\] We prove that the set of $\eta$ for which…

We give explicit, polynomial-time computable formulas for the number of integer points in any two-dimensional rational polygon. A rational polygon is one whose vertices have rational coordinates. We find that the basic building blocks of…

The aim of this expository article is twofold. The first is to introduce several polynomials of one variable as well as two variables defined on the positive integers with values as congruent numbers. The second is to present connections…

A quadrilateral is said to be rational if its four sides, the two diagonals and the area are all expressible by rational numbers. The problem of constructing rational quadrilaterals dates back to the seventh century when Brahmagupta gave an…

We define spherical Heron triangles (spherical triangles with "rational" side-lengths and angles) and parametrize them via rational points of certain families of elliptic curves. We show that the congruent number problem has infinitely many…

We define a congruence module $\Psi_A(M)$ associated to a surjective $\mathcal O$-algebra morphism $\lambda\colon A \to \mathcal{O}$, with $\mathcal{O}$ a discrete valuation ring, $A$ a complete noetherian local $\mathcal{O}$-algebra…

Let $p(n)$ be the ordinary partition function. In the 1960s Atkin found a number of examples of congruences of the form $p( Q^3 \ell n+\beta)\equiv0\pmod\ell$ where $\ell$ and $Q$ are prime and $5\leq \ell\leq 31$; these lie in two natural…

Starting from the classical notion of an oriented congruence (i.e. a foliation by oriented curves) in $R^3$, we abstract the notion of an oriented congruence structure. This is a 3-dimensional CR manifold $(M,H, J)$ with a preferred…

We consider the structure of rational points on elliptic curves in Weierstrass form. Let x(P)=A_P/B_P^2 denote the $x$-coordinate of the rational point P then we consider when B_P can be a prime power. Using Faltings' Theorem we show that…

It is shown that for any prime $p$ and any natural numbers $\ell, m,$ and $s$ such that $0<s<p$, the three following congruences \begin{align*}\sum_{i\ge \ell+1}(-1)^{m-i} {m \choose i}{m+s-1+i(p-1) \choose m+s-1+\ell(p-1)} &\equiv 0 \bmod…

Let M be a compact, connected and simply-connected Riemannian manifold, and suppose that G is a compact, connected Lie group acting on M by isometries. The dimension of the space of orbits is called the cohomogeneity of the action. If the…

Let $n>m>k$ be positive integers and let $a,b,c$ be nonzero rational numbers. We consider the reducibility of some special quadrinomials $x^n+ax^m+bx^k+c$ with $n=4$ and 5, which related to the study of rational points on certain elliptic…