Related papers: Self-organized criticality in single neuron excita…
Recent experiments in various cell types have shown that two-dimensional tissues often display local nematic order, with evidence of extensile stresses manifest in the dynamics of topological defects. Using a mesoscopic model where tissue…
A minimal model for self-organized critical percolation on directed graphs with activating and de-activating links is studied. Unlike classical self-organized criticality, the variables that determine criticality are separated from the…
Even when driven by the same stimulus, neuronal responses are well-known to exhibit a striking level of spiking variability. In-vivo electrophysiological recordings also reveal a surprisingly large degree of variability at the subthreshold…
Readiness potential is a widely observed brain activity in several species including crayfish before the spontaneous behavioral initiation. However, it is poorly understood how this spontaneous activity is generated. The hypothesis that…
Experiments in various neural systems found avalanches: bursts of activity with characteristics typical for critical dynamics. A possible explanation for their occurrence is an underlying network that self-organizes into a critical state.…
Cortical neurons are subject to sustained and irregular synaptic activity which causes important fluctuations of the membrane potential (Vm). We review here different methods to characterize this activity and its impact on spike generation.…
The co-occurrence of action potentials of pairs of neurons within short time intervals is known since long. Such synchronous events can appear time-locked to the behavior of an animal and also theoretical considerations argue for a…
The excitability property of spiking neurons describes their capability to output an action potential as a real-time response to an input synaptic excitation current and is central to the event-based neuromorphic computing paradigm. The…
Neurons and other excitable systems can release energy suddenly given a small stimulus. Excitability has recently drawn increasing interest in optics, as it is key to realize all-optical artificial neurons enabling speed-of-light…
A novel mechanism for the generation of self-organized criticality (SOC) is discussed in terms of the coupled-vibration model where the total system is forced under the uniform expansion of the Hubble type. This system shows a robust SOC…
We demonstrate, both analytically and numerically, that learning dynamics of neural networks is generically attracted towards a self-organized critical state. The effect can be modeled with quartic interactions between non-trainable…
Synaptic connections in neuronal circuits are modulated by pre- and post-synaptic spiking activity. Heuristic models of this process of synaptic plasticity can provide excellent fits to results from in-vitro experiments in which pre- and…
We study the spike statistics of neurons in a network with dynamically balanced excitation and inhibition. Our model, intended to represent a generic cortical column, comprises randomly connected excitatory and inhibitory leaky…
How can a collection of motile cells, each generating contractile nematic stresses in isolation, become an extensile nematic at the tissue-level? Understanding this seemingly contradictory experimental observation, which occurs irrespective…
Active contributions to fluctuations are a direct consequence of metabolic energy consumption in living cells. Such metabolic processes continuously create active forces, which deform the membrane to control motility, proliferation as well…
Self-organized bistability (SOB) is the counterpart of 'self-organized criticality' (SOC), for systems tuning themselves to the edge of bistability of a discontinuous phase transition, rather than to the critical point of a continuous one.…
The characterization of coordinated activity in neuronal populations has received renewed interest in the light of advancing experimental techniques which allow recordings from multiple units simultaneously. Across both in vitro and in vivo…
Networks of excitatory and inhibitory neurons display asynchronous irregular (AI) states, where the activities of the two populations are balanced. At the single cell level, it was shown that neurons subject to balanced and noisy synaptic…
A major unresolved question in Neuroscience is: What is the origin of the observed scale-invariant correlations in neural activity? Many researchers support the ``criticality hypothesis,'' which proposes that the brain operates near…
A dynamical system approaching the first-order transition can exhibit a specific type of critical behavior known as self-organized bistability (SOB). It lies in the fact that the system can permanently switch between the coexisting states…