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This paper investigates a distributed formation tracking control law for large-scale networks of mechanical systems. In particular, the formation network is represented by a directed communication graph with leaders and followers, where…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-18 N. Javanmardi , P. Borja , M. J. Yazdanpanah , J. M. A. Scherpen

Formation control deals with the design of decentralized control laws that stabilize agents at prescribed distances from each other. We call any configuration that satisfies the inter-agent distance conditions a target configuration. It is…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-03-30 Xudong Chen , M. -A. Belabbas , Tamer Basar

We introduce and develop the concept of dispersion formation control, bridging a gap between shape-assembly studies in physics and biology and formation control theory. In current formation control studies, the control objectives typically…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-25 Jin Chen , Jesus Bautista Villar , Bayu Jayawardhana , Hector Garcia de Marina

This paper addresses the problem of collaborative formation control for multi-agent systems with limited resources. We consider a team of robots tasked with achieving a desired formation from an arbitrary initial configuration. To reduce…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Evangelos Psomiadis , Panagiotis Tsiotras

We propose a geometric approach to distance-based formation control modeled on a minimum-norm lifting of Riemannian gradient descent in edge-space to node-space. This yields a unified family of controllers, including the classical gradient…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-09 Louis Theran , Daniel Zelazo , Jessica Sidman

Geometric pattern formation is crucial in many tasks involving large-scale multi-agent systems. Examples include mobile agents performing surveillance, swarm of drones or robots, or smart transportation systems. Currently, most control…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Andrea Giusti , Gian Carlo Maffettone , Davide Fiore , Marco Coraggio , Mario di Bernardo

This paper addresses the problem of bearing-only formation control in $d~(d\geq 2)$-dimensional space by exploring persistence of excitation (PE) of the desired bearing reference. By defining a desired formation that is bearing PE,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-13 Zhiqi Tang , Rita Cunha , Tarek Hamel , Carlos Silvestre

The leader-follower formation control analysis for multiple quad-rotor systems is investigated in this paper. To achieve predefined formation in the three-dimensional air space ($x,y$ and $z$), a novel local tracking control law and a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-03 Lixia Yan , Baoli Ma

This paper studies the problem of stabilizing a leader-follower formation specified by a set of bearing constraints and being disturbed by some unknown uniformly bounded disturbance{s}. A set of leaders are positioned at their desired…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Thanh Truong Nguyen , Dung Van Vu , Tuynh Van Pham , Minh Hoang Trinh

Despite the great success of using gradient-based controllers to stabilize rigid formations of autonomous agents in the past years, surprising yet intriguing undesirable collective motions have been reported recently when inconsistent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-09-22 Hector Garcia de Marina , Ming Cao , Bayu Jayawardhana

In this paper, we present a distributed optimal multiagent control scheme for quadrotor formation tracking under localization errors. Our control architecture is based on a leader-follower approach, where a single leader quadrotor tracks a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-31 Clinton Enwerem , John Baras , Danilo Romero

This letter studies the problem of cooperative nearest-neighbor control of multi-agent systems where each agent can only realize a finite set of control points. Under the assumption that the underlying graph representing the communication…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-16 Muhammad Zaki Almuzakki , Bayu Jayawardhana

In this paper, we present a novel 3D formation control scheme for directed graphs in a leader-follower configuration, achieving (almost) global convergence to the desired shape. Specifically, we introduce three controlled variables…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-05 Omid Mirzaeedodangeh , Farhad Mehdifar , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

Non-uniform scaling control of formation enables multi-agent systems to adjust their shape by scaling with different ratios along different coordinate axes, offering enhanced flexibility in complex environments. However, like most existing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-29 Tao He , Gangshan Jing

In this paper, we propose a novel and distributed formation control method for autonomous robots to follow the desired formation while tracking a moving target in dynamic environments. In our approach, the desired formations, which include…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-05-08 Anh-Duc Dang , Hung M. La , Thang Nguyen , Joachim Horn

In this paper, we propose a distance-based formation control strategy that can enable four mobile agents, which are modelled by a group of single-integrators, to achieve the desired formation shape specified by using six consistent…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-06-07 Myoung-Chul Park , Zhiyong Sun , Minh Hoang Trinh , Brian D. O. Anderson , Hyo-Sung Ahn

This paper presents a generalized robust stability analysis for bearing-based formation control and network localization systems. For an undirected network, we provide a robust stability analysis in the presence of time-varying exogenous…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-16 Yoo-Bin Bae , Seong-Ho Kwon , Young-Hun Lim , Hyo-Sung Ahn

This paper presents a distributed algorithm for controlling the deployment of a team of mobile agents in formations whose shapes can be characterized by a broad class of polygons, including regular ones, where each agent occupies a corner…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-03-24 Hector Garcia de Marina , Bayu Jayawardhana , Ming Cao

This work proposes a novel 2-D formation control scheme for acyclic triangulated directed graphs (a class of minimally acyclic persistent graphs) based on bipolar coordinates with (almost) global convergence to the desired shape. Prescribed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-20 Farhad Mehdifar , Charalampos P. Bechlioulis , Julien M. Hendrickx , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

This paper considers the distributed leader-follower stress-matrix-based affine formation control problem of discrete-time linear multi-agent systems with static and dynamic leaders. In leader-follower multi-agent formation control, the aim…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Okechi Onuoha , Suleiman Kurawa , Zezhi Tang , Yi Dong