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The Earth is a system of numerous interconnected spheres, such as the climate. Climate's global and regional influence requires understanding its evolution in space and time to improve knowledge and forecasts. Analyzing and studying decades…
Urbanization is advancing rapidly, covering less than 2% of Earth's surface yet profoundly influencing global environments and experiencing disproportionate impacts from extreme weather events. Effective urban management and planning…
This study makes significant contributions to the understanding of hail climatology in Austria. First, it introduces a comprehensive database of hailstone sizes, constructed from three-dimensional radar data spanning 2009 to 2022 and…
The rather unique sub-tropical, flat, peninsular region of Florida is subject to a unique climate with extreme weather events across the year that impacts agriculture, public health, and management of natural resources. Meteorological data…
Land surface temperature (LST) is an essential climate variable (ECV) crucial for understanding land-atmosphere energy exchange and monitoring climate change, especially in the rapidly warming Arctic. Long-term satellite-based LST records,…
Climate modeling is reaching unprecedented resolution, producing petabytes of data. AI climate model emulators offer a path to computationally cheap analysis, enabling new scientific insight and scenario planning. Recent advances show…
For accurate forecast of climate change, sea ice mass balance, ocean circulation and sea- atmosphere interactions is required to have long term records of Sea Ice Thickness (SIT). Different approaches have been applied to retrieve SIT and…
The Sunspot Solar Observatory Data Archive (SSODA) stores data acquired with the suite of instruments at the Richard B. Dunn Solar Telescope (DST) from February 2018 to the present. The instrumentation at the DST continues to provide high…
Lakes provide a wide range of valuable ecosystem services, such as water supply, biodiversity habitats, and carbon sequestration. However, lakes are increasingly threatened by climate change and human activities. Therefore, continuous…
Accurate estimates of Above Ground Biomass (AGB) are essential in addressing two of humanity's biggest challenges: climate change and biodiversity loss. Existing datasets for AGB estimation from satellite imagery are limited. Either they…
A nonanticipative analog method is used for the long-term forecast of air temperature extremes. The data to be used for prediction include average daily air temperature, mean visibility, mean wind speed, mean dew point, maximum and minimum…
Technological advances in high performance computing and maturing physical models allow scientists to simulate weather and climate evolutions with an increasing accuracy. While this improved accuracy allows us to explore complex dynamical…
WindBorne Systems has developed a constellation of long-duration atmospheric balloons to collect meteorological data across the globe, filling gaps in current in-situ data collection methods. Each Global Sounding Balloon (GSB) is capable of…
We present FORECAST, a new flexible and adaptable software package that performs forward modeling of the output of any cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to create a wide range of realistic synthetic astronomical images. With…
Ambient air pollution remains a critical issue in the United Kingdom, where data on air pollution concentrations form the foundation for interventions aimed at improving air quality. However, the current air pollution monitoring station…
The availability of well-curated datasets has driven the success of Machine Learning (ML) models. Despite the increased access to earth observation data for agriculture, there is a scarcity of curated, labelled datasets, which limits the…
Since the late 1970s, successive satellite missions have been monitoring the sun's activity and recording the total solar irradiance (TSI). Some of these measurements have lasted for more than a decade. In order to obtain a seamless record…
Data-driven medium-range weather forecasting has attracted much attention in recent years. However, the forecasting accuracy at high resolution is unsatisfactory currently. Pursuing high-resolution and high-quality weather forecasting, we…
We present TailedTS, a large-scale benchmark dataset derived from Wikipedia hourly page view observations throughout 2024, specifically designed to test time series forecasting models under heavy-tailed, zero-inflated, and non-Gaussian…
Reliable assessment of tropical cyclone (TC) risk is limited by the brevity and spatial sparsity of the historical record, particularly for the rare, high-intensity landfalls that dominate insured loss. We present WHITS (Wind-focused…