Related papers: Antenna Showers with Hadronic Initial States
The energy spectrum of muons at ground level in air showers are studied and a new observable is proposed to constrain hadronic interaction models used in air shower simulations. An asymmetric Gaussian function is proposed to describe the…
Air shower simulation programs are essential tools for the analysis of data from cosmic ray experiments and for planning the layout of new detectors. They are used to estimate the energy and mass of the primary particle. Unfortunately the…
The mechanism of hadronic interactions at very high energies is still unclear. Available accelerator data constrain weakly the forward rapidity region which determines the development of atmospheric showers. This ignorance is one of the…
In this article we identify the key elements that govern the propagation of muons from the production in extensive air showers to ground. We describe a model based on simple assumptions that propagates the muons starting from the few…
Radio-detection is becoming an established technique for the detection of air showers induced by cosmic particles. This is in particular true at the highest energies, where very large detection areas are required. A proper description of…
Extensive Air Showers are complex macroscopic objects initiated by single ultra-high energy particles. They are the result of millions of high energy reactions in the atmosphere and can be described as the superposition of hadronic and…
Interferometric measurements of the radio emission of extensive air showers allow reconstructing cosmic-ray properties. A recent simulation study with an idealised detector promised measurements of the depth of the shower maximum…
Radio detection of extensive air showers enables near-continuous observation and precise measurements of the shower geometry and the depth of shower maximum, $X_{\rm max}$. Beyond $X_{\rm max}$, the longitudinal shower development follows a…
As LOFAR has shown, using a dense array of radio antennas for detecting extensive air showers initiated by cosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere makes it possible to measure the depth of shower maximum for individual showers with a…
We propose a novel approach for the determination of the nature of ultra-high energy cosmic rays by exploiting the geomagnetic deviation of muons in nearly horizontal showers. The distribution of the muons at ground level is well described…
Several methods to improve the parton-shower description of hard processes by an injection of matrix-element-based information have been presented over the years. In this article we study (re)weighting schemes for the first/hardest…
A method is suggested to combine tree level QCD matrix for the production of multi jet final states and the parton shower in hadronic interactions. The method follows closely an algorithm developed recently for the case of $e^+e^-$…
A general approach to a fast simulation of electromagnetic showers using parameterizations of the longitudinal and radial profiles in homogeneous and sampling calorimeters is described. The dependence of the shower development on the…
We consider the guaranteed physics of horizontal (hadron) air-showers, HAS, developing at high (tens km) altitudes. Their morphology and information traces are different from vertical ones. Hundreds of km long HAS are often split by…
The contribution of different components of an air shower to the total energy deposit in the atmosphere, for different angles and primary particles, was studied using the CORSIKA air shower simulation code. The amount of missing energy,…
Using simulations of geosynchrotron radiation from extensive air showers, we present a relation between the shape of the geosynchrotron radiation front and the distance of the observer to the maximum of the air shower. By analyzing the…
Inclined air showers - those arriving at ground with zenith angle with respect to the vertical theta > 60 deg - are characterised by the dominance of the muonic component at ground which is accompanied by an electromagnetic halo produced…
We study the possibility to reconstruct primary mass composition with the use of combinations of basic shower characteristics, measured in hybrid experiments, such as depth of shower maximum from fluorescence side and signal in water…
The detection of inclined air showers (zenith angles $\theta \gtrsim 65^\circ$) with kilometer-spaced radio-antenna arrays allows measuring cosmic rays at ultra-high energies ($E \lesssim 10^{20}\,\mathrm{eV}$). Radio and particle detector…
The muonic and electromagnetic components of air showers are sensitive to the mass of the primary cosmic particle. The sizes of the components can be measured with particle detectors on ground, and the electromagnetic component in addition…