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This is a survey of open problems in different parts of combinatorial and additive number theory. The paper is based on lectures at the Centre de Recerca Matematica in Barcelona on January 23 and January 25, 2008.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-30 Melvyn B. Nathanson

This text contains over three hundred specific open questions on various topics in additive combinatorics, each placed in context by reviewing all relevant results. While the primary purpose is to provide an ample supply of problems for…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-01 Bela Bajnok

Representation of classical dynamics by unitary transformations has been used to develop unified description of hybrid classical-quantum systems with particular type of interaction, and to formulate abstract systems interpolating between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 M. Radonjic , D. B. Popovic , S. Prvanovic , N. Buric

These are the lecture notes of a course given by the first author on December 27, 2012 - January 4, 2013, held at the Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing.

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-01-14 Luigi Brugnano , Felice Iavernaro

In this survey paper we discuss some recent results and related open questions in additive combinatorics, in particular, questions about sumsets in finite abelian groups.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-04 Bela Bajnok

The plenary presentations of the conference are summarised, highlighting some aspects that were of particular interest and attempting to link a few of the topics covered. Particular emphasis is placed on the problem of deep-inelastic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Philip G. Ratcliffe

The constraints arising for a general set of causal relations, both classically and quantumly, are still poorly understood. As a step in exploring this question, we consider a coherently controlled superposition of "direct-cause" and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-11 Adrien Feix , Časlav Brukner

We survey several problems related to logical aspects of quantum structures. In particular, we consider problems related to completions, decidability and axiomatizability, and embedding problems. The historical development is described, as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-24 John Harding , Zhenghan Wang

Scientists have demonstrated that quantum computing has presented novel approaches to address computational challenges, each varying in complexity. Adapting problem-solving strategies is crucial to harness the full potential of quantum…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Arash Vaezi , Ali Movaghar , Mohammad Ghodsi , Seyed Mohammad Hussein Kazemi , Negin Bagheri Noghrehy , Seyed Mohsen Kazemi

Further formulas are presented involving quantum mechanics, thermodynamics, and integrable systems. Modifications of dispersionless theory are developed.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert Carroll

These notes illustrates the power of formulating ideas of commutative algebra in a homotopy invariant form. They can then be applied to derived categories of rings or ring spectra. These ideas are powerful in classical algebra, in…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2016-01-12 J. P. C. Greenlees

Combinatorics, like computer science, often has to deal with large objects of unspecified (or unusable) structure. One powerful way to deal with such an arbitrary object is to decompose it into more usable components. In particular, it has…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-11-10 Terence Tao

We discuss certain ternary algebraic structures appearing more or less naturally in various domains of theoretical and mathematical physics. Far from being exhaustive, this article is intended above all to draw attention to these algebras,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard Kerner

This is a presentation of recent work on quantum permutation groups, complex Hadamard matrices, and the connections between them. A long list of problems is included. We include as well some conjectural statements, about matrix models.

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2013-03-12 Teodor Banica

A summary of a recently proposed description of quantum-classical hybrids is presented, which concerns quantum and classical degrees of freedom of a composite object that interact directly with each other. This is based on notions of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-20 Hans-Thomas Elze

Symmetries concerning the ordinary coordinate spacetime and internal spacetime are discussed. A possible unification model of electroweak, strong and gravitational interactions is briefly described.

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Yue-Liang Wu

These are lecture notes of a course taken in Leipzig 2023, spring semester. It deals with extremal combinatorics, algebraic methods and combinatorial geometry. These are not meant to be exhaustive, and do not contain many proofs that were…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-29 Raul Penaguiao

This note is concerned in so called harmonic complex structures introduced by the author previously. I will recall some previous results and emphasize the motivation: Provide an attempt to a fundamental problem in geometry--determining the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-10-27 Jianming Wan

This article, intended for a general mathematical audience, is an informal review of some of the many interesting links which have developed between quantum cohomology and "classical" mathematics. It is based on a talk given at the Autumn…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-10-12 Martin A. Guest

This review article discusses recent progress in understanding of various families of integrable models in terms of algebraic geometry, representation theory, and physics. In particular, we address the connections between soluble many-body…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-01 Peter Koroteev