English
Related papers

Related papers: Do Proximate Micro-Swimmers Synchronize their Gait…

200 papers

Metachronal paddling is a swimming strategy in which an organism oscillates sets of adjacent limbs with a constant phase lag, propagating a metachronal wave through its limbs and propelling it forward. This limb coordination strategy is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-07-28 Alana A. Bailey , Robert D. Guy

Swimming, i.e., being able to advance in the absence of external forces by performing cyclic shape changes, is particularly demanding at low Reynolds numbers which is the regime of interest for micro-organisms and micro-robots. We focus on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-10-04 François Alouges , Laetitia Giraldi

Motivated by the observed coordination of nearby beating cilia, we use a scale model experiment to show that hydrodynamic interactions can cause synchronization between rotating paddles driven at constant torque in a very viscous fluid.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2010-05-26 Bian Qian , Hongyuan Jiang , David A. Gagnon , Kenneth S. Breuer , Thomas R. Powers

Efficient locomotion is important for the evolution of complex life, yet the physical principles selecting specific swimming strokes often remain entangled with biological constraints. In viscous fluids, the scallop theorem constrains the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Takahiro Kanazawa , Kenta Ishimoto , Kyogo Kawaguchi

Many small organisms self-propel in viscous fluids using travelling wave-like deformation of their bodies or appendages. Examples include small nematodes moving through soil using whole-body undulations or spermatozoa swimming through mucus…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-07-02 Emily E. Riley , Eric Lauga

We show that spontaneous density segregation in dense systems of aligning circle swimmers is a condensation phenomenon at odds with the phase separation scenarios usually observed in two-dimensional active matter. The condensates, which…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-12-20 Yujia Wang , Bruno Ventéjou , Hugues Chaté , Xia-qing Shi

Recent experiments have shown that the nematode {\it T. aceti} can assemble into collectively undulating groups at the edge of fluid drops. This coordinated state consists of metachronal waves and drives fluid circulation inside the drop.…

Microorganisms are rarely found in Nature swimming freely in an unbounded fluid. Instead, they typically encounter other organisms, hard walls, or deformable boundaries such as free interfaces or membranes. Hydrodynamic interactions between…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2013-10-21 Marcelo A. Dias , Thomas R. Powers

In their search for metabolic resources microbes swim through viscous environments that present physical anisotropies, including steric obstacles across a wide range of sizes. Hydrodynamic forces are known to significantly alter swimmer…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-07-03 Kentaro Hoeger , Tristan Ursell

When swimming in close proximity, some microorganisms such as spermatozoa synchronize their flagella. Previous work on swimming sheets showed that such synchronization requires a geometrical asymmetry in the flagellar waveforms. Here we…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2011-08-31 Gwynn J. Elfring , Eric Lauga

We introduce a phenomenological theory for a new class of soft active fluids, with the ability to synchronise. Our theoretical framework describes the macroscopic behaviour of a collection of interacting anisotropic elements with cyclic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-16 M. Leoni , T. B. Liverpool

In this article, we consider a swimmer (i.e. a self-deformable body) immersed in a fluid, the flow of which is governed by the stationary Stokes equations. This model is relevant for studying the locomotion of microorganisms or micro robots…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-03-19 Jérôme Lohéac , Alexandre Munnier

Here we show that micro-swimmers can form a concealed swarm through synergistic cooperation in suppressing one another's disturbing flows. We then demonstrate how such a concealed swarm can actively gather around a favorite spot, point…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-07-24 Mehdi Mirzakhanloo , Mohammad-Reza Alam

Self-propelled phoretic swimmers are generally studied in the laminar flow regime, where their low speed renders inertial effects negligible and trajectories highly predictable. This research tackles the challenge of propulsion in the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-19 Alessandro Foradori , Paolo Bettotti

We investigate the dynamics of model microswimmers under confinement, in cylindrical geometries, by means of three dimensional direct numerical calculations with fully resolved hydrodynamics. Such swimmers are known to show collective…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-09-26 Norihiro Oyama , John Jairo Molina , Ryoichi Yamamoto

Optimal gait design is important for micro-organisms and micro-robots that propel themselves in a fluid environment in the absence of external force or torque. The simplest models of shape changes are those that comprise a series of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-10-01 Qixuan Wang

Swimming cells and microorganisms must often move though complex fluids that contain an immersed microstructure such as polymer molecules, or filaments. In many important biological processes, such as mammalian reproduction and bacterial…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-08-06 Arshad Kamal , Eric E Keaveny

Locomotion and transport of microorganisms in fluids is an essential aspect of life. Search for food, orientation toward light, spreading of off-spring, and the formation of colonies are only possible due to locomotion. Swimming at the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-05-26 Jens Elgeti , Roland G. Winkler , Gerhard Gompper

Eukaryotes swim with coordinated flagellar (ciliary) beating and steer by fine-tuning the coordination. The model organism for studying flagellate motility, C. reinhardtii (CR), employs synchronous, breast-stroke-like flagellar beating to…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-06-12 Da Wei , Greta Quaranta , Marie-Eve Aubin-Tam , Daniel S. W. Tam

We use the boundary element method to study the low-Reynolds number locomotion of a spherical model microorganism in a circular tube. The swimmer propels itself by tangen- tial or normal surface motion in a tube whose radius is on the order…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2013-06-11 Lailai Zhu , Eric Lauga , Luca Brandt