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In the context of Visual Question Answering (VQA) and Agentic AI, calibration refers to how closely an AI system's confidence in its answers reflects their actual correctness. This aspect becomes especially important when such systems…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Ayush Pandey , Jai Bardhan , Ishita Jain , Ramya S Hebbalaguppe , Rohan Raju Dhanakshirur , Lovekesh Vig

Verification using SystemVerilog assertions (SVA) is one of the most popular methods for detecting circuit design vulnerabilities. However, with the globalization of integrated circuit design and the continuous upgrading of security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Rui Guo , Avinash Ayalasomayajula , Henian Li , Jingbo Zhou , Sujan Kumar Saha , Farimah Farahmandi

A program verifier is a tool that can be used to verify that a "contract" for a program holds - i.e. given a precondition the program guarantees that a given postcondition holds - by only working at the level of the annotated program. An…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-06-12 Gudmund Grov

Verification and validation of agentic behavior have been suggested as important research priorities in efforts to reduce risks associated with the creation of general artificial intelligence (Russell et al 2015). In this paper we question…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-10-12 David J. Jilk

Communication is a critical part of enabling multi-agent systems to cooperate. This means that applying formal methods to protocols governing communication within multi-agent systems provides useful confidence in its reliability. In this…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Matt Luckcuck , Rafael C. Cardoso

A MATLAB toolbox is presented, with the goal of checking occurrences of design errors typically found in fixed-point digital systems, considering finite word-length effects. In particular, the present toolbox works as a front-end to a…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Lennon Chaves , Iury Bessa , Lucas Cordeiro , Daniel Kroening , Eddie Filho

This paper presents the results achieved while pursuing the verification and validation of a train system behavior at the first steps of development in an industrial context. A method is proposed, supported by preliminary results through…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Ronan Baduel , Iulian Ober , Jean-Michel Bruel

Autonomous Intelligent Agents are employed in many applications upon which the life and welfare of living beings and vital social functions may depend. Therefore, agents should be trustworthy. A priori certification techniques (i.e.,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Stefania Costantini

Evaluating large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems remains a critical challenge, as these systems must exhibit reliable coordination, transparent decision-making, and verifiable performance across evolving tasks. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 YenTing Lee , Keerthi Koneru , Zahra Moslemi , Sheethal Kumar , Ramesh Radhakrishnan

Artificial Knowledge (AK) systems are transforming decision-making across critical domains such as healthcare, finance, and criminal justice. However, their growing opacity presents governance challenges that current regulatory approaches,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Dalit Ken-Dror Feldman , Daniel Benoliel

Analytic software tools and workflows are increasing in capability, complexity, number, and scale, and the integrity of our workflows is as important as ever. Specifically, we must be able to inspect the process of analytic workflows to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Scott Friedman , Jeff Rye , David LaVergne , Dan Thomsen , Matthew Allen , Kyle Tunis

Automated planning is traditionally the domain of experts, utilized in fields like manufacturing and healthcare with the aid of expert planning tools. Recent advancements in LLMs have made planning more accessible to everyday users due to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Christine Lee , David Porfirio , Xinyu Jessica Wang , Kevin Zhao , Bilge Mutlu

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires an embodied agent to navigate in a complex 3D environment according to natural language instructions. Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has enabled language-driven navigation with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zijun Li , Shijie Li , Zhenxi Zhang , Bin Li , Shoujun Zhou

The adequate testing of stateful software systems is a hard and costly activity. Failures that result from complex stateful interactions can be of high impact, and it can be hard to replicate failures resulting from erroneous stateful…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Stefan Karlsson

Systems in many safety-critical application domains are subject to certification requirements. In such a system, there are typically different applications providing functionalities that have varying degrees of criticality. Consequently,…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Xiaozhe Gu , Arvind Easwaran

Large language model-driven multi-agent systems (LLM-MAS) excel at complex tasks, yet unreliable agents remain a key bottleneck to system-level reliability. Automatic failure attribution is therefore critical, but existing approaches, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hezhe Qiao , Hanghang Tong , Ee-Peng Lim , Bing Liu , Guansong Pang

Software integrity measurement and attestation (M&A) are critical technologies for evaluating the trustworthiness of software platforms. To best support these technologies, next generation systems must provide a centralized service for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-02 J. Aaron Pendergrass , Sarah Helble , John Clemens , Peter Loscocco

Agentic AI coding systems can inspect repositories, plan implementation steps, edit files, call tools, run tests, and submit pull requests. These capabilities make software and hardware development faster in some settings, but current…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Christopher Koch

We present a substantially expanded version of our tool STV for strategy synthesis and verification of strategic abilities. The new version provides a web interface and support for assume-guarantee verification of multi-agent systems.

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Damian Kurpiewski , Łukasz Mikulski , Wojciech Jamroga

In this study, a new ensemble approach for classifiers is introduced. A verification method for better error elimination is developed through the integration of multiple classifiers. A multi-agent system comprised of multiple classifiers is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Amirhoshang Hoseinpour Dehkordi , Majid Alizadeh , Ali Movaghar