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To address the outstanding task of detecting entanglement in large quantum systems, entanglement witnesses have emerged, addressing the separable nature of a state. Yet optimizing witnesses, or accessing them experimentally, often remains a…

In quantum information theory, the reliable and effective detection of entanglement is of paramount importance. However, given an unknown state, assessing its entanglement is a challenging task. To attack this problem, we investigate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-09 Jochen Szangolies , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

How can one prove that a given state is entangled? In this paper we review different methods that have been proposed for entanglement detection. We first explain the basic elements of entanglement theory for two or more particles and then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-16 Otfried Gühne , Geza Toth

We present an explicit construction of entanglement witnesses for depolarized states in arbitrary finite dimension. For infinite dimension we generalize the construction to twin-beams perturbed by Gaussian noises in the phase and in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 G. Mauro D'Ariano , Chiara Macchiavello , Matteo G. A. Paris

Entanglement witnesses are invaluable for efficient quantum entanglement certification without the need for expensive quantum state tomography. Yet, standard entanglement witnessing requires multiple measurements and its bounds can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-22 Farid Shahandeh , Martin Ringbauer , Juan C. Loredo , Timothy C. Ralph

Necessary and sufficient conditions for bipartite entanglement are derived, which apply to arbitrary Hilbert spaces. Motivated by the concept of witnesses, optimized entanglement inequalities are formulated solely in terms of arbitrary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. Sperling , W. Vogel

An entanglement witness (EW) is an operator that allows to detect entangled states. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for such operators to be optimal, i.e. to detect entangled states in an optimal way. We show how to optimize…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 M. Lewenstein , B. Kraus , J. I. Cirac , P. Horodecki

We focus on determining the separability of an unknown bipartite quantum state $\rho$ by invoking a sufficiently large subset of all possible entanglement witnesses given the expected value of each element of a set of mutually orthogonal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Lawrence M. Ioannou , Benjamin C. Travaglione

We use operators from generalized equiangular measurements to construct positive maps. Their positivity follows from the inequality for indices of coincidence corresponding to few equiangular tight frames. These maps give rise to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Katarzyna Siudzińska

Entanglement, while being critical in many quantum applications, is difficult to characterize experimentally. While entanglement witnesses based on the fidelity to the target entangled state are efficient detectors of entanglement, they in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-29 Won Kyu Calvin Sun , Alexandre Cooper , Paola Cappellaro

On the basis of linear programming, new sets of entanglement witnesses (EWs) for 3x3 and 4x4 systems are constructed. In both cases, the constructed EWs correspond to the hyperplanes contacting, without intersecting, the related feasible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 M. A. Jafarizadeh , N. Behzadi , Y. Akbari

We consider a quantum system of n qudits and the Clebsch-Gordan decomposition of the associated Hilbert space. In this decomposition, one of the subspaces is the so-called symmetric subspace or symmetric sector, that is, the subspace of all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Domenico D'Alessandro

We discuss the problem of determining whether the state of several quantum mechanical subsystems is entangled. As in previous work on two subsystems we introduce a procedure for checking separability that is based on finding state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew C. Doherty , Pablo A. Parrilo , Federico M. Spedalieri

We propose new entanglement measures as the detection performance based on the hypothesis testing setting. We clarify how our measures work for detecting an entangled state by extending the quantum Sanov theorem. Our analysis covers the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-08 Masahito Hayashi , Yuki Ito

We construct both nonlinear and linear entanglement witnesses, by tensoring and partial tracing existing states and witnesses. We show that little shared quantum resources allow to employ decomposable witnesses to obtain larger ones…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Albert Rico

This paper discusses experiments with single-particle systems, some of whose states appear to be entangled. It shows that the interpretation of the experiments in terms of entanglement is ill-defined. Three forms of ambiguity are discussed.…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-12-25 Robert Shaw

We analyze the recently introduced notion of quantumness witness and compare it to that of entanglement witness. We show that any entanglement witness is also a quantumness witness. We then consider some physically relevant examples and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-02-24 Paolo Facchi , Saverio Pascazio , Vlatko Vedral , Kazuya Yuasa

We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for a finite set of states of a finite dimensional multiparticle quantum system to be amenable to unambiguous discrimination using local operations and classical communication. This condition…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Anthony Chefles

We construct three-qubit entanglement witnesses with the properties that all the partial transposes have the spanning properties. These witnesses determine faces for separable states whose interior lies in the interior of PPT states, and so…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-22 Seung-Hyeok Kye

Certifying entanglement for unknown quantum states experimentally is a fundamental problem in quantum computing and quantum physics. Because of being easy to implement, a most popular approach for this problem in modern quantum experiments…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-23 Ruiqi Zhang , Zhaohui Wei