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More than two dozen short-period Jupiter-mass gas giant planets have been discovered around nearby solar-type stars in recent years, several of which undergo transits, making them ideal for the detection and characterization of their…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ian Dobbs-Dixon , D. N. C. Lin

We study the magnetospheric structure and the ionospheric Joule Heating of planets orbiting M-dwarf stars in the habitable zone using a set of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models. The stellar wind solution is used to drive a model for the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 O. Cohen , J. J. Drake , A. Glocer , C. Garraffo , K. Poppenhaeger , J. M. Bell , A. J. Ridley , T. I. Gombosi

Hot Jupiters might reside inside the Alfv\'en surface of their host star wind, where the stellar wind is dominated by magnetic energy. The implications of such a sub-Alfv\'enic environment for atmospheric escape are not fully understood.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-14 Andrés Presa , Florian A. Driessen , Aline A. Vidotto

Earth's geodynamo has operated for over 3.5 billion years. The magnetic field is currently powered by thermocompositional convection in the outer core, which involves the release of light elements and latent heat as the inner core…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-11 Victor Lherm , Miki Nakajima , Eric G. Blackman

Hot Jupiters, with atmospheric temperatures T ~ 1000 K, have residual thermal ionization levels sufficient for the interaction of the ions with the planetary magnetic field to result in a sizable magnetic drag on the (neutral) atmospheric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Rosalba Perna , Kristen Menou , Emily Rauscher

We construct a magnetic helicity conserving dynamo theory which incorporates a calculated magnetic helicity current. In this model the fluid helicity plays a small role in large scale magnetic field generation. Instead, the dynamo process…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Ethan T. Vishniac , Jungyeon Cho

Meridional circulation in stratified stellar/planetary interiors in the presence of stable molecular weight gradients remains poorly understood, thereby affecting angular momentum transport in evolutionary models. We extend the downward…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-19 Deepayan Banik , Kristen Menou , Evan H. Anders

The Juno spacecraft has acquired exceptionally precise data on Jupiter's gravity field, offering invaluable insights into Jupiter's tidal response, interior structure, and dynamics, establishing crucial constraints. We develop a new model…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-07 Hachem Dhouib , Clément Baruteau , Stéphane Mathis , Florian Debras , Aurélie Astoul , Michel Rieutord

We carry out a series of high resolution ($1024\times 1024$) hydrodynamical simulations to investigate the orbital evolution of Jupiter and Saturn embedded in a gaseous protostellar disk. Our work extends the results in the classical papers…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Hui Zhang , Ji-Lin Zhou

During 2016-17 the Juno and Cassini spacecraft will both perform close eccentric orbits of Jupiter and Saturn, respectively, obtaining high-precision gravity measurements for these planets. This data will be used to estimate the depth of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-19 Eli Galanti , Yohai Kaspi

The Cassini mission unveiled the intense and diverse activity in Saturn's atmosphere: banded jets, waves, vortices, equatorial oscillations. To set the path towards a better understanding of those phenomena, we performed high-resolution…

Ultra-hot Jupiters represent an exciting avenue for testing extreme physics and observing atmospheric circulation regimes not found in our solar system. Their high temperatures result in thermally ionized particles embedded in atmospheric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-05 Hayley Beltz , Emily Rauscher , Michael Roman , Abigail Guilliat

Context. Stars experience rapid contraction or expansion at different phases of their evolution. Modelling the angular momentum and chemical elements transport occurring during these phases remains an unsolved problem. Aims. We study a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-05 B. Gouhier , F. Lignières , L. Jouve

Though generated deep inside the convection zone, the solar magnetic field has a direct impact on the Earth space environment via the Parker spiral. It strongly modulates the solar wind in the whole heliosphere, especially its latitudinal…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-30 Barbara Perri , Allan Sacha Brun , Antoine Strugarek , Victor Réville

The interior flux of a giant planet impacts atmospheric motion, and the atmosphere dictates the interior's cooling. Here we use a non-hydrostatic general circulation model (Simulating Nonhydrostatic Atmospheres on Planets, SNAP) coupled…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-27 Xi Zhang , Cheng Li , Huazhi Ge , Tianhao Le

Strongly magnetized accretion discs around black holes have attractive features that may explain enigmatic aspects of X-ray binary behaviour. The structure and evolution of these discs are governed by a dynamo-like mechanism, which channels…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-02-03 Greg Salvesen , Jacob B. Simon , Philip J. Armitage , Mitchell C. Begelman

Giant planets that reside in close proximity to their host stars are subject to extreme irradiation, which gives rise to thermal ionization of trace Alkali metals in their atmospheres. On objects where the atmospheric electrical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Konstantin Batygin , Sabine Stanley

The internal structure of gas giant planets may be more complex than the commonly assumed core-envelope structure with an adiabatic temperature profile. Different primordial internal structures as well as various physical processes can lead…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-05 A. Vazan , R. Helled , M. Podolak , A. Kovetz

Convection is ubiquitous in stellar and planetary interiors where it likely plays an integral role in the generation of magnetic fields. As the interiors of these objects remain hidden from direct observation, numerical models of convection…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-22 Brandon J. Lazard , Nicholas A. Featherstone , Jonathan M. Aurnou

The inflated radii observed in hundreds of hot Jupiters (HJ) represent a long-standing open issue. In this study, we quantitatively investigate this phenomenon within the framework of Ohmic dissipation arising from magnetic induction in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-27 Daniele Viganò , Soumya Sengupta , Clàudia Soriano-Guerrero , Rosalba Perna , Albert Elias-López , Sandeep Kumar , Taner Akgün