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This paper proposes a new approach to address the problem of unmeasured confounding in spatial designs. Spatial confounding occurs when some confounding variables are unobserved and not included in the model, leading to distorted…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-05 Carlo Zaccardi , Pasquale Valentini , Luigi Ippoliti , Alexandra M. Schmidt

Diffusion geometry is a manifold learning framework that uses random walks defined by Markov transition matrices to characterize the geometry of a dataset at multiple scales. We use diffusion geometry for neural representations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Atharva Khandait , Jan E. Gerken

Spectral variability in hyperspectral images can result from factors including environmental, illumination, atmospheric and temporal changes. Its occurrence may lead to the propagation of significant estimation errors in the unmixing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Ricardo Augusto Borsoi , Tales Imbiriba , José Carlos Moreira Bermudez

The point-spread function (PSF) of an imaging system describes the response of the system to a point source. Accurately determining the PSF enables one to correct for the combined effects of focussing and scattering within the imaging…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-01 Stefan Johann Hofmeister , Michael Hahn , Daniel Wolf Savin

Whole atmosphere seeing \beta_0 is the most important parameter in site testing measurements. Estimation of the seeing from a variance of differential image motion is always biased by a non-zero DIMM exposure, which results in a wind…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 V. Kornilov , B. Safonov

Image matting is a long-standing problem in computer graphics and vision, mostly identified as the accurate estimation of the foreground in input images. We argue that the foreground objects can be represented by different-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Yu Qiao , Yuhao Liu , Qiang Zhu , Xin Yang , Yuxin Wang , Qiang Zhang , Xiaopeng Wei

Few-Shot Segmentation (FSS) aims to segment the novel class images with a few annotated samples. In this paper, we propose a dense affinity matching (DAM) framework to exploit the support-query interaction by densely capturing both the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Hao Chen , Yonghan Dong , Zheming Lu , Yunlong Yu , Yingming Li , Jungong Han , Zhongfei Zhang

The Delta-variance analysis, has proven to be an efficient and accurate method of characterising the power spectrum of interstellar turbulence. The implementation presently in use, however, has several shortcomings. We propose and test an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 V. Ossenkopf , M. Krips , J. Stutzki

The ultimate goal of the "Pi of the Sky" apparatus is observation of optical flashes of astronomical origin and other light sources variable on short timescales. We search mainly for optical emission of Gamma Ray Bursts, but also for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-02 Lech Wiktor Piotrowski

In this paper, we address the task of aberration-aware depth-from-defocus (DfD), which takes account of spatially variant point spread functions (PSFs) of a real camera. To effectively obtain the spatially variant PSFs of a real camera…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Zhuofeng Wu , Yusuke Monno , Masatoshi Okutomi

We present a novel method, Aerial Diffusion, for generating aerial views from a single ground-view image using text guidance. Aerial Diffusion leverages a pretrained text-image diffusion model for prior knowledge. We address two main…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Divya Kothandaraman , Tianyi Zhou , Ming Lin , Dinesh Manocha

Image fusion is one of the recent trends in image registration which is an essential field of image processing. The basic principle of this paper is to fuse multi-focus images using simple statistical standard deviation. Firstly, the simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-10-01 Firas A. Jassim

A novel algorithm is proposed for segmenting an image into multiple levels using its mean and variance. Starting from the extreme pixel values at both ends of the histogram plot, the algorithm is applied recursively on sub-ranges computed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Siddharth Arora , Jayadev Acharya , Amit Verma , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

Pansharpening is a significant image fusion technique that merges the spatial content and spectral characteristics of remote sensing images to generate high-resolution multispectral images. Recently, denoising diffusion probabilistic models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Yu Zhong , Xiao Wu , Liang-Jian Deng , Zihan Cao

Hyperspectral Image (HSI) classification is an important issue in remote sensing field with extensive applications in earth science. In recent years, a large number of deep learning-based HSI classification methods have been proposed.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Ning Chen , Jun Yue , Leyuan Fang , Shaobo Xia

State-of-the-art image-set matching techniques typically implicitly model each image-set with a Gaussian distribution. Here, we propose to go beyond these representations and model image-sets as probability distribution functions (PDFs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-08-03 Mehrtash Harandi , Mathieu Salzmann , Mahsa Baktashmotlagh

With the rapid advancement of diffusion-based generative models, Stable Diffusion (SD) has emerged as a state-of-the-art framework for high-fidelity im-age synthesis. However, existing SD models suffer from suboptimal feature aggregation,…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Zhen-Qi Chen , Yuan-Fu Yang

In this work, we present a multiscale kinetic framework for consensus-based image segmentation. By interpreting an image as a system of interacting particles, each pixel is characterised by its spatial position and an internal feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Horacio Tettamanti , Giulia Guicciardi , Mattia Zanella

The ill-posed problem of phase retrieval in optics, using one or more intensity measurements, has a multitude of applications using electromagnetic or matter waves. Many phase retrieval algorithms are computed on pixel arrays using discrete…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-21 J. A. Pollock , K. S. Morgan , L. C. P. Croton , M. K. Croughan , G. Ruben , N. Yagi , H. Sekiguchi , M. J. Kitchen

An algorithm is proposed for the segmentation of image into multiple levels using mean and standard deviation in the wavelet domain. The procedure provides for variable size segmentation with bigger block size around the mean, and having…