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The existence of a polynomial pivot rule for the simplex method for linear programming, policy iteration for Markov decision processes, and strategy improvement for parity games each are prominent open problems in their respective fields.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Yann Disser , Georg Loho , Matthew Maat , Nils Mosis

Calude et al. have recently shown that parity games can be solved in quasi-polynomial time, a landmark result that has led to a number of approaches with quasi-polynomial complexity. Jurdinski and Lasic have further improved the precise…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Daniele Dell'Erba , Sven Schewe

Progress-measure lifting algorithms for solving parity games have the best worst-case asymptotic runtime, but are limited by their asymmetric nature, and known from the work of Czerwi\'nski et al. (2018) to be subject to a matching…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Marcin Jurdziński , Rémi Morvan , Pierre Ohlmann , K. S. Thejaswini

We study the computational complexity of solving mean payoff games. This class of games can be seen as an extension of parity games, and they have similar complexity status: in both cases solving them is in $\textbf{NP} \cap \textbf{coNP}$…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Nathanaël Fijalkow , Paweł Gawrychowski , Pierre Ohlmann

An active line of research has considered games played on networks in which payoffs depend on both a player's individual decision and also the decisions of her neighbors. Such games have been used to model issues including the formation of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-05-01 Flavio Chierichetti , Jon Kleinberg , Sigal Oren

Treewidth on undirected graphs is known to have many algorithmic applications. When considering directed width-measures there are much less results on their deployment for algorithmic results. In 2022 the first author, Rabinovich and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-10 Meike Hatzel , Johannes Schröder

This paper is a contribution to the study of parity games and the recent constructions of three quasipolynomial time algorithms for solving them. We revisit a result of Czerwi\'nski, Daviaud, Fijalkow, Jurdzi\'nski, Lazi\'c, and Parys…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-22 Thomas Colcombet , Nathanaël Fijalkow

Zielonka's classic recursive algorithm for solving parity games is perhaps the simplest among the many existing parity game algorithms. However, its complexity is exponential, while currently the state-of-the-art algorithms have…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Karoliina Lehtinen , Paweł Parys , Sven Schewe , Dominik Wojtczak

In a two-player zero-sum graph game, the players move a token throughout a graph to produce an infinite play, which determines the winner of the game. Bidding games are graph games in which in each turn, an auction (bidding) determines…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Guy Avni , Suman Sadhukhan

We give a new algorithm for Unique Games which is based on purely {\em spectral} techniques, in contrast to previous work in the area, which relies heavily on semidefinite programming (SDP). Given a highly satisfiable instance of Unique…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-02-14 Alexandra Kolla

Parity games play an important role in model checking and synthesis. In their paper, Calude et al. have shown that these games can be solved in quasi-polynomial time. We show that their algorithm can be implemented efficiently: we use their…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-01-30 John Fearnley , Sanjay Jain , Sven Schewe , Frank Stephan , Dominik Wojtczak

We study strategic games on weighted directed graphs, in which the payoff of a player is defined as the sum of the weights on the edges from players who chose the same strategy, augmented by a fixed non-negative integer bonus for picking a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Krzysztof R. Apt , Sunil Simon , Dominik Wojtczak

This paper discusses the problem of efficiently solving parity games where player Odd has to obey an additional 'strong transition fairness constraint' on its vertices -- given that a player Odd vertex $v$ is visited infinitely often, a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Irmak Sağlam , Anne-Kathrin Schmuck

We devise a policy-iteration algorithm for deterministic two-player discounted and mean-payoff games, that runs in polynomial time with high probability, on any input where each payoff is chosen independently from a sufficiently random…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Bruno Loff , Mateusz Skomra

We address the problem of solving parity games with imperfect information on finite graphs of bounded structural complexity. It is a major open problem whether parity games with perfect information can be solved in PTIME. Restricting the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-03 Bernd Puchala , Roman Rabinovich

The computation of the winning set for parity objectives and for Streett objectives in graphs as well as in game graphs are central problems in computer-aided verification, with application to the verification of closed systems with strong…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Monika Henzinger , Veronika Loitzenbauer

We consider concurrent games played on graphs. At every round of a game, each player simultaneously and independently selects a move; the moves jointly determine the transition to a successor state. Two basic objectives are the safety…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Luca de Alfaro , Thomas A. Henzinger

Calude, Jain, Khoussainov, Li, and Stephan (2017) proposed a quasi-polynomial-time algorithm solving parity games. After this breakthrough result, a few other quasi-polynomial-time algorithms were introduced; none of them is easy to…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Paweł Parys

In this paper, we resolve the computational complexity of a number of outstanding open problems with practical applications. Here is the list of problems we show to be PPAD-complete, along with the domains of practical significance:…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-04-10 Shiva Kintali , Laura J. Poplawski , Rajmohan Rajaraman , Ravi Sundaram , Shang-Hua Teng

We consider two-player partial-observation stochastic games on finite-state graphs where player 1 has partial observation and player 2 has perfect observation. The winning condition we study are \omega-regular conditions specified as parity…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-01-15 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Laurent Doyen , Sumit Nain , Moshe Y. Vardi