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The passive estimation of impulse responses from ambient noise correlations arouses increasing interest in seismology, acoustics, optics and electromagnetism. Assuming the equipartition of the noise field, the cross-correlation function…

It is a well-established principle that cross-correlating seismic observations at different receiver locations can yield estimates of band-limited inter-receiver Green's functions. This principle, known as seismic interferometry, is a…

Geophysics · Physics 2021-08-11 Daniella Ayala-Garcia , Andrew Curtis , Michal Branicki

Stacked cross-correlation functions have become ubiquitous in the ambient seismic imaging and monitoring community as approximations to the Green's function between two receivers. While theoretical understanding of this approximation to the…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-03-13 Yunyue Elita Li , Feng Zhu , Jizhong Yang

Correlations of ambient seismic or acoustic vibrations are now widely used to reconstruct the impulse response between two passive receivers as if a source was placed at one of them. This provides the opportunity to do imaging without a…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-13 Eric Larose , Arnaud Derode , Philippe Roux , Michel Campillo

In this article we derive the average and the variance of the cross-correlation of a noise wavefield. The noise cross-correlation function (NCF) is widely used to passively estimate the Green's function between two probes and is…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-06-17 Julien de Rosny , Matthieu Davy

In this paper we derive relations between the cross-correlation of ambient noises recorded at two different points and the Green's function of the elastic waves in a medium with viscous damping. The Green's function allows to estimate…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-03-25 Mikael Carmona , Olivier Michel , Jean-Louis Lacoume , Nathalie Sprynski , Barbara Nicolas

We show that intermittency of noiselike emission, after propagation through a scattering medium, affects the distribution of noise in the observed correlation function. Intermittency also affects correlation of noise among channels of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-27 Carl R. Gwinn , Michael D. Johnson

When averaged over sources or disorder, cross-correlation of diffuse fields yield the Green's function between two passive sensors. This technique is applied to elastic ultrasonic waves in an open scattering slab mimicking seismic waves in…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-13 Eric Larose , Arnaud Derode , Dominique Clorennec , Ludovic Margerin , Michel Campillo

Ambient noise tomography relies on the assumption that the seismic wavefield is equipartitioned. In practice, ambient noise sources are spatially and temporally heterogeneous, producing biased estimates of the Green's function between…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-02-17 Sanket Narayan Bajad , Pushkar Bharadwaj , Pawan Bharadwaj

We study the fluctuations of the light emitted by two identical incoherent point sources in a disordered environment. The intensity-intensity correlation function and the speckle contrast, obtained after proper temporal and configurational…

Optics · Physics 2015-02-09 R. Carminati , G. Cwilich , L. S. Froufe-Pérez , J. J. Sáenz

Long duration noisy-looking waveforms such as those obtained in randomly multiply scattering and reverberant media are complex; they resist direct interpretation. Nevertheless, such waveforms are sensitive to small changes in the source of…

Geophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Richard L Weaver , Céline Hadziioannou , Eric Larose , Michel Campillo

The present generation of weak lensing surveys will be superseded by surveys run from space with much better sky coverage and high level of signal to noise ratio, such as SNAP. However, removal of any systematics or noise will remain a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Dipak Munshi , Patrick Valageas

We explore how ambient-noise interferometry can serve to track variations in the distribution of scatterers within a medium. Experiments are conducted in the presence and absence of a single scatterer that can occupy different positions…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-08-13 Aida Hejazi Nooghabi , Lapo Boschi , Philippe Roux , Julien de Rosny

Some experimental results of correlation functions in Bose-Einstein interferometry measurements exhibit a non smooth behaviour - oscillations. Possible origin of such a behaviour in non-trivial spatial distribution of the source is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-25 Peter Filip

It is known that waves generated by ambient noise sources and recorded by passive receivers can be used to image the reflectivities of an unknown medium. However, reconstructing the reflectivity of the medium from partial boundary…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-18 Zetao Fei , Josselin Garnier

Beamforming methods for sound source localization are usually based on free-field Green's functions to model the sound propagation between source and microphone. This assumption is known to be incorrect for many industrial applications and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-02 Marius Lehmann , Daniel Ernst , Marc Schneider , Carsten Spehr , Markus Lummer

Sensor noise sources cause differences in the signal recorded across pixels in a single image and across multiple images. This paper presents a Bayesian approach to decomposing and characterizing the sensor noise sources involved in imaging…

Seismic noise, generated by oceanic microseisms and other sources, illuminates the crust in a manner different from tectonic sources, and therefore provides independent information. The primary measurable is the two-point cross-correlation,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Shravan Hanasoge , Michal Branicki

This paper considers the problem of estimating the channel response (or Green's function) between multiple source-receiver pairs. Typically, the channel responses are estimated one-at-a-time: a single source sends out a known probe signal,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-05-18 Justin Romberg , Ramesh Neelamani

New physics and systematic errors can lead to deviations between the models used to analyze gravitational wave data and the actual signal. Such deviations will generally be correlated between detectors and manifest differently across the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-25 Guillaume Dideron , Suvodip Mukherjee , Luis Lehner
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