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Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a key variable for various applications, such as urban climate and ecology studies. Yet, existing satellite-derived LST products provide either high spatial or high temporal resolution, resulting in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Solomiia Kurchaba , Angela Meyer

Max-stable processes are natural models for spatial extremes because they provide suitable asymptotic approximations to the distribution of maxima of random fields. In the recent past, several parametric families of stationary max-stable…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-02-22 Raphael Huser , Marc G. Genton

Modeling the joint distribution of extreme weather events in multiple locations is a challenging task with important applications. In this study, we use max-stable models to study extreme daily precipitation events in Switzerland. The…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-11-29 Clément Chevalier , David Ginsbourger , Olivia Martius

Thermal conditions in the urban canopy exhibit stochastic variability driven by varied radiative fluxes and turbulent wind fields, requiring probabilistic rather than deterministic prediction methods. This study presents a probabilistic…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-12-10 Shisheng Chen , Ruohan Xu , Nyuk Hien Wong , Shanshan Tong , Jiashuo Wang , Matthaios Santamouris

A new stochastic model for daily precipitation occurrence processes observed at multiple locations is developed. The modeling concept is to use the indicator function and the elliptical shape of multivariate Gaussian distribution to…

Applications · Statistics 2020-09-02 Hsien-Wei Chen

Reanalysis products such as the ERA5 reanalysis are commonly used as proxies for observed atmospheric conditions. These products are convenient to use due to their global coverage, the large number of available atmospheric variables and the…

Applications · Statistics 2025-07-03 Silius M. Vandeskog , Thordis L. Thorarinsdottir , Alex Lenkoski

The Mat\'ern covariance model is ubiquitous in spatial modelling, but there is no default choice for spatio-temporal modelling. In this paper, we consider the recently proposed ``diffusion-based'' extension of the spatial Mat\'ern…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-30 S. Knutsen Furset , Geir-Arne Fuglstad , Espen R. Jakobsen

Thermal comfort is essential for well-being in urban spaces, especially as cities face increasing heat from urbanization and climate change. Existing thermal comfort models usually overlook temporal dynamics alongside spatial dependencies.…

Applications · Statistics 2024-11-19 Federico P. Cortese , Antonio Pievatolo

We present a novel approach to investigate the long-time stochastic dynamics of multi-dimensional classical systems, in contact with a heat-bath. When the potential energy landscape is rugged, the kinetics displays a decoupling of short and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-05-29 O. Corradini , P. Faccioli , H. Orland

We describe spatio-temporal random processes using linear mixed models. We show how many commonly used models can be viewed as special cases of this general framework and pay close attention to models with separable or product-sum…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-06-01 Michael Dumelle , Jay M. Ver Hoef , Claudio Fuentes , Alix Gitelman

Argo floats measure seawater temperature and salinity in the upper 2,000 m of the global ocean. Statistical analysis of the resulting spatio-temporal dataset is challenging due to its nonstationary structure and large size. We propose…

Applications · Statistics 2018-12-31 Mikael Kuusela , Michael L. Stein

A functional time series approach is proposed for investigating spatial correlation in daily maximum temperature forecast errors for 111 cities spread across the U.S. The modelling of spatial correlation is most fruitful for longer forecast…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-23 Phillip A. Jang , David S. Matteson

Downscaling aims to link the behaviour of the atmosphere at fine scales to properties measurable at coarser scales, and has the potential to provide high resolution information at a lower computational and storage cost than numerical…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-05-19 Rachel Prudden , Niall Robinson , Peter Challenor , Richard Everson

Advances in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have led to the enormous recent burgeoning of spatial-temporal databases and associated statistical modeling. Here we depart from the rather rich literature in space-time modeling by…

Applications · Statistics 2013-04-17 Harrison Quick , Sudipto Banerjee , Bradley P. Carlin

We develop a spatio-temporal model to forecast sensor output at five locations in North East England. The signal is described using coupled dynamic linear models, with spatial effects specified by a Gaussian process. Data streams are…

Applications · Statistics 2018-06-15 Yingying Lai , Andrew Golightly , Richard Boys

Technological developments and open data policies have made large, global environmental datasets accessible to everyone. For analysing such datasets, including spatiotemporal correlations using traditional models based on Gaussian processes…

Computation · Statistics 2020-07-01 Marius Appel , Edzer Pebesma

We introduce computational methods that allow for effective estimation of a flexible, parametric non-stationary spatial model when the field size is too large to compute the multivariate normal likelihood directly. In this method, the field…

Computation · Statistics 2018-09-20 Amanda Muyskens , Joseph Guinness , Montserrat Fuentes

The prevalence of spatially referenced multivariate data has impelled researchers to develop a procedure for the joint modeling of multiple spatial processes. This ordinarily involves modeling marginal and cross-process dependence for any…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-10 Ghulam A. Qadir , Ying Sun

In applications of climate information, coarse-resolution climate projections commonly need to be downscaled to a finer grid. One challenge of this requirement is the modeling of sub-grid variability and the spatial and temporal dependence…

We provide a novel approach to model space-time random fields where the temporal argument is decomposed into two parts. The former captures the linear argument, which is related, for instance, to the annual evolution of the field. The…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-18 Alfredo Alegría , Emilio Porcu