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Strong gravitational lenses come in many forms, but are typically divided into two populations: galaxies, and groups and clusters of galaxies. The largest objects in the Universe (i.e. galaxy clusters) are highly irregular and composed of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-17 Luka Vujeva , Jose María Ezquiaga , Rico K. L. Lo , Juno C. L. Chan

Weak lensing is the distortion (polarization) of images of distant objects, such as high redshift galaxies, by gravitational fields in the limit where the distortion is small. Gravitational potential fluctuations due to large scale…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Jens Verner Villumsen

We calculate the ``seeing'' effect on distant sources due to a gravitational wave background. We derive the limit in strain and energy density of the gravitational wave based on the limit of detectability of this effect with the present day…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Francine Marleau , Glenn Starkman

Gravitational lensing in wave optics is a rich field combining caustic singularities, general relativity and interference phenomena. We present a detailed evaluation of wave optics effects resulting from the frame-dragging of a rotating…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-08 Béatrice Bonga , Job Feldbrugge , Ariadna Ribes Metidieri

The distance-redshift relation determined by means of gravitational waves in the clumpy universe is simulated numerically by taking into account the effects of gravitational lensing. It is assumed that all of the matter in the universe…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Chul-Moon Yoo , Ken-ichi Nakao , Hiroshi Kozaki , Ryuichi Takahashi

Gravitational lensing is a powerful astrophysical and cosmological probe and is particularly valuable at submillimeter wavelengths for the study of the statistical and individual properties of dusty starforming galaxies. However the…

After exactly a century since the formulation of the general theory of relativity, the phenomenon of gravitational lensing is still an extremely powerful method for investigating in astrophysics and cosmology. Indeed, it is adopted to study…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-25 Francesco De Paolis , Mosè Giordano , Gabriele Ingrosso , Luigi Manni , Achille Nucita , Francesco Strafella

Intrinsically cold particle dark matter inevitably creates halos with sharp discontinuities in projected surface density caused by the projection of fold catastrophes onto the sky. In principle, these imperfections can be detected and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Craig J. Hogan

In the first paper in this series, we introduced "persistent gravitational wave observables" as a framework for generalizing the gravitational wave memory effect. These observables are nonlocal in time and nonzero in the presence of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-05-20 Éanna É. Flanagan , Alexander M. Grant , Abraham I. Harte , David A. Nichols

Gravitational waves provide a novel and powerful way to test astrophysical models of compact objects, early universe processes, beyond the Standard Model particle physics, dark matter candidates, Einstein's theory of General Relativity and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-03 Mairi Sakellariadou

Gravitational Lensing is a UNIQUE tool to constrain the mass distribution of collapsed structures, this is particularly true for galaxies, either on a case by case basis using multiple images of background sources (such as quasars), or…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 Jean-Paul Kneib

There is a lot of current interest in sources of gravitational waves and active ongoing projects to detect such radiation, such as the LIGO project. These are long wavelength, low frequency gravitational waves. LISA would be sensitive to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-27 C. Sivaram , Kenath Arun

It is standard practice to study the lensing of gravitational waves (GW) using the geometric optics regime. However, in many astrophysical configurations this regime breaks down as the wavelength becomes comparable to the Schwarzschild…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-26 Giulia Cusin , Macarena Lagos

We review sources of high-frequency gravitational waves, summarizing our current understanding of emission mechanisms, expected amplitudes and event rates. The most promising sources are gravitational collapse (formation of black holes or…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-23 Kostas D. Kokkotas , Nikolaos Stergioulas

Light carries energy, and therefore, it is the source of a gravitational field. The gravitational field of a beam of light in the short wavelength approximation has been studied by several authors. In this article, we consider light of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-26 Fabienne Schneiter , Dennis Rätzel , Daniel Braun

If dark matter in the form of compact objects comprises a large fraction of the mass of the universe, then gravitational lensing effects on gamma-ray bursts are expected. We utilize BATSE and Ulysses data to search for lenses of different…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 G. F. Marani , R. J. Nemiroff , J. P. Norris , K. Hurley , J. T. Bonnell

Gravitational lensing causes background galaxy images to become aligned, and the statistical characteristics of the image alignments can then be used to constrain the power spectrum of mass fluctuations. Analyses of gravitational lensing…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 A. F. Heavens

We discuss strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves from merging of massive black hole binaries in the context of the LISA mission. Detection of multiple events would provide invaluable information on competing theories of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-28 M. Sereno , A. Sesana , A. Bleuler , Ph. Jetzer , M. Volonteri , M. C. Begelman

Gravitational waves deliver information in exquisite detail about astrophysical phenomena, among them the collision of two black holes, a system completely invisible to the eyes of electromagnetic telescopes. Models that predict…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-24 Deirdre Shoemaker , Karan Jani , Lionel London , Larne Pekowsky

With the detection of Gravitational waves just about an year ago Einstein`s general theory of relativity- a space-time theory of gravity, got established on a firmer footing than any other theory in physics. Gravitational waves are just…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-27 A. R. Prasanna