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The optimal transport (OT) map is a geometry-driven transformation between high-dimensional probability distributions which underpins a wide range of tasks in statistics, applied probability, and machine learning. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-11 Sloan Nietert , Ziv Goldfeld

Optimal transport (OT) finds a least cost transport plan between two probability distributions using a cost matrix defined on pairs of points. Unlike standard OT, which infers unstructured pointwise mappings, low-rank optimal transport…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Henri Schmidt , Peter Halmos , Ben Raphael

Optimal Transport (OT) is a mathematical framework that first emerged in the eighteenth century and has led to a plethora of methods for answering many theoretical and applied questions. The last decade has been a witness to the remarkable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Abdelwahed Khamis , Russell Tsuchida , Mohamed Tarek , Vivien Rolland , Lars Petersson

Optimal Transport (OT) theory has seen an increasing amount of attention from the computer science community due to its potency and relevance in modeling and machine learning. It introduces means that serve as powerful ways to compare…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Luis Caicedo Torres , Luiz Manella Pereira , M. Hadi Amini

This paper develops a comprehensive theory of optimal transport for signed (real) measures on Rd. Extending the classical Brenier theorem, we consider Jordan decompositions of measures with possibly fractal singular parts. Under suitable…

Optimal transport from the volume measure to a convex combination of Dirac measures yields a tessellation of a Riemannian manifold into pieces of arbitrary relative size. This tessellation is studied for the cost functions…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-08 Martin Huesmann

We discuss methods of Optimal Transportation Theory and its relations to problems in quantum mechanics. This essentially means that the cost function is some Hamiltonian $H(q,p)$ on a phase space (symplectic manifold), and the marginal…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-08-20 Kurt Pagani

Models involving branched structures are employed to describe several supply-demand systems such as the structure of the nerves of a leaf, the system of roots of a tree and the nervous or cardiovascular systems. Given a flow (traffic path)…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-01-26 Maria Colombo , Antonio De Rosa , Andrea Marchese

This paper is devoted to the study of couplings of the Lebesgue measure and the Poisson point process. We prove existence and uniqueness of an optimal coupling whenever the asymptotic mean transportation cost is finite. Moreover, we give…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-08-14 Martin Huesmann , Karl-Theodor Sturm

The optimal transport (OT) problem has gained significant traction in modern machine learning for its ability to: (1) provide versatile metrics, such as Wasserstein distances and their variants, and (2) determine optimal couplings between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Xinran Liu , Rocío Díaz Martín , Yikun Bai , Ashkan Shahbazi , Matthew Thorpe , Akram Aldroubi , Soheil Kolouri

We prove that, for general cost functions on $\mathbb{R}^n$, or for the cost $d^2/2$ on a Riemannian manifold, optimal transport maps between smooth densities are always smooth outside a closed singular set of measure zero.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-06-06 Guido De Philippis , Alessio Figalli

We consider the problem of optimal transportation with general cost between a empirical measure and a general target probability on R d , with d $\ge$ 1. We extend results in [19] and prove asymptotic stability of both optimal transport…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-24 Eustasio del Barrio , Alberto González-Sanz , Jean-Michel Loubes

A general theory is provided delivering convergence of maximal cyclically monotone mappings containing the supports of coupling measures of sequences of pairs of possibly random probability measures on Euclidean space. The theory is based…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-05 Johan Segers

Optimal transport is the problem of designing a joint distribution for two random variables with fixed marginals. In virtually the entire literature on this topic, the objective is to minimize expected cost. This paper is the first to study…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-13 Yinchu Zhu , Ilya O. Ryzhov

This paper presents a novel two-step approach for the fundamental problem of learning an optimal map from one distribution to another. First, we learn an optimal transport (OT) plan, which can be thought as a one-to-many map between the two…

We study Monge's optimal transportation problem, where the cost is given by optimal control cost. We prove the existence and uniqueness of an optimal map under certain regularity conditions on the Lagrangian, absolute continuity of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2007-11-24 Andrei Agrachev , Paul Lee

This paper deals with the existence of optimal transport maps for some optimal transport problems with a convex but non strictly convex cost. We give a decomposition strategy to address this issue. As part of our strategy, we have to treat…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2009-09-16 Guillaume Carlier , Luigi De Pascale , Filippo Santambrogio

Multi-marginal optimal transport (MOT) is a generalization of optimal transport to multiple marginals. Optimal transport has evolved into an important tool in many machine learning applications, and its multi-marginal extension opens up for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Jiaojiao Fan , Isabel Haasler , Johan Karlsson , Yongxin Chen

Optimal transportation distances are valuable for comparing and analyzing probability distributions, but larger-scale computational techniques for the theoretically favorable quadratic case are limited to smooth domains or regularized…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-03-23 Justin Solomon , Raif Rustamov , Leonidas Guibas , Adrian Butscher

Classic optimal transport theory is formulated through minimizing the expected transport cost between two given distributions. We propose the framework of distorted optimal transport by minimizing a distorted expected cost, which is the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Haiyan Liu , Bin Wang , Ruodu Wang , Sheng Chao Zhuang