Related papers: Unification after 150 years
We argue that the classical theory of electromagnetism is based on Maxwell's macroscopic equations, an energy postulate, a momentum postulate, and a generalized form of the Lorentz law of force. These seven postulates constitute the…
To each type of Coulomb (Newton) charge corresponds a kind of Coulomb (Newton) mass. Such a mass-charge duality explains the availability in a neutrino of the united rest mass and charge equal to all its mass and charge consisting of the…
The discovery of atomic nucleus by E. Rutherford, at the beginning of the twentieth century, was the Nuclear Physics original landmark. From then, a series of experiments in which beams of particles composed of neutrons, protons and others,…
Birefringence of light induced not by matter, but by the gradient of an electric field, has been predicted in 1955 and observed in 2008. Here we replace the electric field by the gravitional field of our expanding universe.
The formalism of electric - magnetic duality, first pioneered by Reinich and Wheeler, extends General Relativity to encompass non-Abelian fields. Several energy Tensors T^uv with non-vanishing trace matter are developed solely as a function…
We argue that the starting point of Kaluza's idea of unifying electrodynamics and gravity was the analogy between gravitation and electromagnetism which was pointed out by Einstein and Thirring. It seems that Kaluza's attention was turned…
This year we are celebrating 101 years since the discovery of cosmic rays. They are whizzing all around the Universe, and they occur at very different energies, including the highest particle energies that exist. However, theory predicts an…
We show that an unification of quantum mechanics and general relativity implies that there is a fundamental length in Nature in the sense that no operational procedure would be able to measure distances shorter than the Planck length.…
There are many theories that have resided these last fifty years within the hazy mist we have been calling the Standard Model (SM) of elementary particles. An attempt is made here to construct a coherent description of the SM today, because…
The unification of Higgs and electromagnetic fields in the context of higher dimensional gravity is studied. We show that these fields arise from an extra large dimension together with a compact small dimension. The question of the…
We consider the unification problem for the gravitational and electromagnetic interactions and its possible solution on the basis of the existence of an effective Riemannian space in nonlinear electrodynamics
With each passing year, the young Albert Einstein's achievements in physics in the year 1905 seem to be ever more miraculous. We describe why the centenary of this remarkable year is worthy of celebration.
We describe a class of unified theories of electromagnetism and gravity. The Lagrangian is of the BF type, with a potential for the B-field, the gauge group is U(2) (complexified). Given a choice of the potential function the theory is a…
Taking into account four universal constants, namely the Planck's constant $h$, the velocity of light $c$, the constant of gravitation $G$ and the Boltzmann's constant $k$ leads to structuring theoretical physics in terms of three theories…
Planck's introduction of the quantum of action in 1900 was followed by 25 years of trial and error in quest of the understanding of the quantum world; different ideas and directions had to be pursued until the path leading to the elementary…
Maxwell's equations hold in inertial reference frames in uniform translational motion relative to one another. In conjunction with the Lorentz coordinate transformation equations, the transformation equations for the electric and magnetic…
Laymen and sometimes even physicists think of natural sciences, in particular of theoretical and mathematical physics often as subjects, which unfold according to an intrinsic logical pattern, with the limitations being set only by the…
The problem of reconciling general relativity and quantum theory has fascinated and bedeviled physicists for more than 70 years. Despite recent progress in string theory and loop quantum gravity, a complete solution remains out of reach. I…
We construct the most general effective Lagrangian coupling gravity and electromagnetism up to mass dimension 6 by enumerating all possible non-minimal coupling terms respecting both diffeomorphism and gauge invariance. In all, there are…
Maxwell equations (Faraday and Ampere-Maxwell laws) can be presented as a three component equation in a way similar to the two component neutrino equation. However, in this case, the electric and magnetic Gauss's laws can not be derived…