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We study a generalization of conditional probability for arbitrary ordered vector spaces. A related problem is that of assigning a numerical value to one vector relative to another. We characterize the groups for which these generalized…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-12 Nicolas Monod

We derive the necessary and sufficient condition, for a given Polynomial Recurrence Sequence to converge to a given target rational K. By converge, we mean that the Nth term of the sequence, is equal to K, as N tends to positive infinity.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-07-09 Deepak Ponvel Chermakani

In the current paper we attempt to transfer the notion of the projectional entropy, originally defined for multidimensional subshifts, to the case of actions of amenable groups. The main theorem states that if a system is strongly…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Michał Prusik

In this work we explore the ability of the Google search engine to find results for random N-letter strings. These random strings, dense over the set of possible N-letter words, address the existence of typos, acronyms, and other words…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2012-05-09 Lucas Lacasa , Jacopo Tagliabue , Andrew Berdahl

Given random variables $X$ and $Y$ having finite moments of all orders, their uncorrelatedness set is defined as the set of all pairs $(j,k)\in{\mathbb N}^2,$ for which $X^j$ and $Y^k$ are uncorrelated. It is known that, broadly put, any…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-11-27 Mehmet Turan , Sofiya Ostrovska , Ahmet Yaşar Özban

In this paper we consider switched nonlinear systems under average dwell time switching signals, with an otherwise arbitrary compact index set and with additional constraints in the switchings. We present invariance principles for these…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-12-24 J. L. Mancilla-Aguilar , R. A. Garcia

Let $(X_{n,t})_{t=1}^{\infty}$ be a stationary absolutely regular sequence of real random variables with the distribution dependent on the number~$n$. The paper presents sufficient conditions for the asymptotic normality (for $n\to\infty$…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-17 Vladimir G. Mikhailov , Natalia M. Mezhennaya

We obtain the analogue of the classical result by Erd\"os and Kac on the limiting distribution of the maximum of partial sums for exchangeable random variables with zero mean and variance one. We show that, if the conditions of the central…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-09-20 Patricia Alonso Ruiz , Alexander S. Rakitko

It is known that if X is uniformly distributed modulo 1 and Y is an arbitrary random variable independent of X then Y+X is also uniformly distributed modulo 1. We prove a converse for any continuous random variable Y (or a reasonable…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-07-16 Michał Ryszard Wójcik

The principle of the common cause claims that if an improbable coincidence has occurred, there must exist a common cause. This is generally taken to mean that positive correlations between non-causally related events should disappear when…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2017-03-20 Claudio Mazzola

Let $A$ be a (not necessarily unital) separable non-elementary simple amenable C*-algebra whose tracial basis may not have finite covering dimension and may not be compact but satisfies certain condition (C). We show that $A$ is ${\cal…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Huaxin Lin

This paper develops a theory of distribution- and time-uniform asymptotics, culminating in the first large-sample anytime-valid inference procedures that are shown to be uniformly valid in a rich class of distributions. Historically,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-16 Ian Waudby-Smith , Edward H. Kennedy , Aaditya Ramdas

In this paper, we consider approximating expansions for the distribution of integer valued random variables, in circumstances in which convergence in law cannot be expected. The setting is one in which the simplest approximation to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-12-11 A. D. Barbour , E. Kowalski , A. Nikeghbali

De Finetti's theorem, also called the de Finetti-Hewitt-Savage theorem, is a foundational result in probability and statistics. Roughly, it says that an infinite sequence of exchangeable random variables can always be written as a mixture…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-29 Rina Foygel Barber , Emmanuel J. Candes , Aaditya Ramdas , Ryan J. Tibshirani

Self-similarity of systems is very popular and intensively developing field during last decades. To this field belong so-called stable distributions and their generalization. In Klebanov and Sl\'amov\'a (2014) there was given an approach to…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-08-19 Lev B. Klebanov , Lenka Slámová , Ashot Kakosyan , Gregory Temnov

A sequence of random variables is called \textit{exchangeable} if its joint distribution is invariant under permutations of indices. The original formulation of de Finetti's theorem roughly says that any exchangeable sequence of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-21 Irfan Alam

We derive a necessary and sufficient condition for the sum of M independent continuous random variables modulo 1 to converge to the uniform distribution in L^1([0,1]), and discuss generalizations to discrete random variables. A consequence…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-09-15 Steven J. Miller , Mark J. Nigrini

The aim of this paper is to establish some metrical coincidence and common fixed point theorems with an arbitrary relation under an implicit contractive condition which is general enough to cover a multitude of well known contraction…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-01-13 Md Ahmadullah , Mohammad Imdad , Mohammad Arif

We examine the issue of stability of probability in reasoning about complex systems with uncertainty in structure. Normally, propositions are viewed as probability functions on an abstract random graph where it is implicitly assumed that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-14 Subhash Kak

We introduce the notion of a restricted exchangeable partition of $\mathbb{N}$. We obtain integral representations, consider associated fragmentations, embeddings into continuum random trees and convergence to such limit trees. In…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-11-12 Bo Chen , Matthias Winkel