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The article focuses on the issue of the two definitions of charge, mainly the gauge charge and the effective charge of fundamental particles. Most textbooks on classical electromagnetism and quantum field theory only works with the gauge…
Quantum batteries, microscopic devices designed to address energy demands in quantum technologies, promise high power during charging and discharging processes. Yet their practical usefulness and performance depend critically on…
We consider two driven cavities (capacitors) connected in series via an edge state. The cavities are driven such that they emit an electron and a hole in each cycle. Depending on the phase lag the second cavity can effectively absorb the…
Free energy fixes the maximum work of a thermodynamic process once the state and Hamiltonian are specified. A work-extraction task asks a different question: how much average work can a single device realize across several preparations and…
We review several ways of defining the statistics of charge that is transmitted through an electric circuit, the so-called "counting statistics". We first pursue two approaches that explain the origin of "negative probabilities" that have…
Properties of the magnetic translation operators for a charged particle moving in a crystalline potential and a uniform magnetic field show that it is necessary to consider all inequivalent irreducible projective representations of the the…
Recently [Physics Letters A, 374, (2010) 1801] the concept of vacuum capacitor spontaneously charged harnessing the heat from a single thermal reservoir at room temperature has been introduced, along with a mathematical description of its…
Quantum batteries are quantum systems used to store energy to be later extracted by an external agent in the form of work to perform some task. Here we study the charging of a hybrid quantum battery via a collisional model mediated by an…
Although nonequilibrium work and fluctuation relations have been studied in detail within classical statistical physics, extending these results to open quantum systems has proven to be conceptually difficult. For systems that undergo…
We study the mechanical performance of quantum rotor heat engines in terms of common notions of work using two prototypical models: a mill driven by the heat flow from a hot to a cold mode, and a piston driven by the alternate heating and…
We consider quantum batteries given by composite interacting quantum systems in terms of the thermodynamic work cost of local random unitary processes. We characterize quantum correlations by monitoring the average energy change and its…
The capacitance of arbitrarily shaped objects is reformulated in terms of the Neumann-Poincar\'{e} operator. Capacitance is simply the dielectric permittivity of the surrounding medium multiplied by the area of the object and divided by the…
Electrostatic actuators are simple but important switching devices for MEMS applications. Due to the difficulties associated with the electrostatic nonlinearity, precise mathematical description is often hard to obtain for the dynamics of…
We consider a system model of a general finite-state machine (ratchet) that simultaneously interacts with three kinds of reservoirs: a heat reservoir, a work reservoir, and an information reservoir, the latter being taken to be a running…
We identify the conditions for local passivity for shared quantum batteries with local Hamiltonians. For locally passive states of two-qubit batteries, we find the relation of their entanglement content with the amount of energy that can be…
In this paper we study the two disks capacitor, for equal and different radii. The new results obtained allow a complete characterization of capacity coefficients and forces at short distances. An extensive numerical calculation confirms…
The conversion of heat into current can be obtained by a process with two stages. In the first one, the heat is used for distilling a solution and obtaining two flows with different concentrations. In the second stage, the two flows are…
Parallel and series nucleation are the basic elements of the complex nucleation process when two saddle points exist on the free-energy landscape. It is pointed out that the nucleation rates follow formulas similar to those of parallel and…
The paper aims to emphasise how switched systems can be analysed with elementary techniques which require only undergraduate-level linear algebra and differential equations. It is also emphasised how math software can become useful for…
The quantized current generated by a quantum dot pump is calculated numerically. The numerical simulation is done by dividing the time varying potential into many static potentials with a short time interval and calculating the electron…