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One of the applications of center-based clustering algorithms such as K-Means is partitioning data points into K clusters. In some examples, the feature space relates to the underlying problem we are trying to solve, and sometimes we can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Ali Hassani , Amir Iranmanesh , Mahdi Eftekhari , Abbas Salemi

Clustering is a popular form of unsupervised learning for geometric data. Unfortunately, many clustering algorithms lead to cluster assignments that are hard to explain, partially because they depend on all the features of the data in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Sanjoy Dasgupta , Nave Frost , Michal Moshkovitz , Cyrus Rashtchian

We present a $k$-means-based clustering algorithm, which optimizes the mean square error, for given cluster sizes. A straightforward application is balanced clustering, where the sizes of each cluster are equal. In the $k$-means assignment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Mikko I. Malinen , Pasi Fränti

This paper presents a comparative analysis of different optimization techniques for the K-means algorithm in the context of big data. K-means is a widely used clustering algorithm, but it can suffer from scalability issues when dealing with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Ravil Mussabayev , Rustam Mussabayev

Identifying a set of homogeneous clusters in a heterogeneous dataset is one of the most important classes of problems in statistical modeling. In the realm of unsupervised partitional clustering, k-means is a very important algorithm for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-23 J. Andrew Howe

We propose k^2-means, a new clustering method which efficiently copes with large numbers of clusters and achieves low energy solutions. k^2-means builds upon the standard k-means (Lloyd's algorithm) and combines a new strategy to accelerate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-31 Eirikur Agustsson , Radu Timofte , Luc Van Gool

Clustering is a widely used and powerful machine learning technique, but its effectiveness is often limited by the need to specify the number of clusters, k, or by relying on thresholds that implicitly determine k. We introduce k*-means, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Louis Mahon , Mirella Lapata

Clustering is one of the most fundamental problems in data analysis and it has been studied extensively in the literature. Though many clustering algorithms have been proposed, clustering theories that justify the use of these clustering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-22 Cheng-Shang Chang , Wanjiun Liao , Yu-Sheng Chen , Li-Heng Liou

Biclustering is the task of simultaneously clustering the rows and columns of the data matrix into different subgroups such that the rows and columns within a subgroup exhibit similar patterns. In this paper, we consider the case of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Nicolas Fraiman , Zichao Li

In this paper, we first propose a new iterative algorithm, called the K-sets+ algorithm for clustering data points in a semi-metric space, where the distance measure does not necessarily satisfy the triangular inequality. We show that the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-12 Cheng-Shang Chang , Chia-Tai Chang , Duan-Shin Lee , Li-Heng Liou

Among many clustering algorithms, the K-means clustering algorithm is widely used because of its simple algorithm and fast convergence. However, this algorithm suffers from incomplete data, where some samples have missed some of their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Ali Beikmohammadi

Due to its simplicity and versatility, k-means remains popular since it was proposed three decades ago. The performance of k-means has been enhanced from different perspectives over the years. Unfortunately, a good trade-off between quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Wan-Lei Zhao , Cheng-Hao Deng , Chong-Wah Ngo

Motivated by the increasing availability of low- and mixed-precision arithmetic on modern hardware, we develop mixed-precision variants of Lloyd's algorithm for k-means clustering. The main ingredient is a family of mixed-precision kernels…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Erin Carson , Xinye Chen , Xiaobo Liu

The classical k-means clustering, based on distances computed from all data features, cannot be directly applied to incomplete data with missing values. A natural extension of k-means to missing data, namely k-POD, uses only the observed…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-17 Xin Guan , Yoshikazu Terada

$k$-means clustering is a well-studied problem due to its wide applicability. Unfortunately, there exist strong theoretical limits on the performance of any algorithm for the $k$-means problem on worst-case inputs. To overcome this barrier,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Jon C. Ergun , Zhili Feng , Sandeep Silwal , David P. Woodruff , Samson Zhou

The $k$-Means clustering problem on $n$ points is NP-Hard for any dimension $d\ge 2$, however, for the 1D case there exists exact polynomial time algorithms. Previous literature reported an $O(kn^2)$ time dynamic programming algorithm that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-26 Allan Grønlund , Kasper Green Larsen , Alexander Mathiasen , Jesper Sindahl Nielsen , Stefan Schneider , Mingzhou Song

We consider the problem of clustering in the learning-augmented setting, where we are given a data set in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space, and a label for each data point given by an oracle indicating what subsets of points should be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Thy Nguyen , Anamay Chaturvedi , Huy Lê Nguyen

Context. K-means is a clustering algorithm that has been used to classify large datasets in astronomical databases. It is an unsupervised method, able to cope very different types of problems. Aims. We check whether a variant of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-08 I. Ordovás-Pascual , J. Sánchez Almeida

Deep learning systems are prone to catastrophic forgetting when learning from a sequence of tasks, as old data from previous tasks is unavailable when learning a new task. To address this, some methods propose replaying data from previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Chenyang Wang , Junjun Jiang , Xingyu Hu , Xianming Liu , Xiangyang Ji

Data rebalancing techniques, including oversampling and undersampling, are a common approach to addressing the challenges of imbalanced data. To tackle unresolved problems related to both oversampling and undersampling, we propose a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Karen Medlin , Sven Leyffer , Krishnan Raghavan