Related papers: Entropy and Ionic Conductivity
Surface sensitive electric current measurements are important experimental tools poorly corroborated by theoretical models. We show that the drift-diffusion equations offer a framework for a consistent description of such experiments. The…
We give a modified derivation of the Einstein equation of state by considering the Clausius relation $T\delta S-\delta N =\delta Q$ on a null hypersurface with a non-vanishing expansion ($\theta \neq 0$), i.e. not in the equilibrium. The…
We define the entropy operator as the negative of the logarithm of the density matrix, give a prescription for extracting its thermodynamically measurable part, and discuss its dynamics. For an isolated system we derive the first, second…
The Einstein relation describes the response of a diffusing particle to a small constant external force. It states that, as the force tends to zero, the ratio of the limiting velocity to the force magnitude converges to the diffusivity…
The technique presented here for the measurement of electrical conductivity is based on the principle that the current converges on a small disk electrode. Most of the ohmic resistance therefore lies within a narrow region surrounding the…
We investigated the pressure dependence of gas flow and field ion intensity of a coaxial ion source operating at room temperature over a wide pressure range, testing various gases and ionisation voltages. Flow conductance measurements…
The quasi-stationary nonequilibrium distribution function of an independent electron gas interacting with a medium, which is at local thermal equilibrium, can be obtained by entropy production rate minimization, subject to constraints of…
We calculate the electronic transport properties of a system which is irradiated by a homogeneous microwave field. Within a Boltzmann equation approach, a general expression for the conductivity tensor is derived and evaluated for a quasi…
In strongly interacting electron systems with low density and at low temperature the thermodynamic density of states is negative. It creates difficulties with understanding of the Einstein relation between conductivity and diffusion…
Iodine added to iodide-based ionic liquids leads to extraordinarily efficient charge transport, vastly exceeding that expected for such viscous systems. Using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, in conjunction with dc conductivity,…
Employing recent advances in response theory and nonequilibrium ensemble reweighting, we study the dynamic and static correlations that give rise to an electric field-dependent ionic conductivity in electrolyte solutions. We consider…
Entropy notions for $\varepsilon$-incremental practical stability and incremental stability of deterministic nonlinear systems under disturbances are introduced. The entropy notions are constructed via a set of points in state space which…
The total entropy production generated by the dynamics of an externally driven systems exchanging energy and matter with multiple reservoirs and described by a master equation is expressed as the sum of three contributions, each…
The thermal conductivity of classical multi-component fluids is seemingly affected by the intrinsic arbitrariness in the definition of the atomic energies and it is ill-conditioned numerically, when evaluated from the Green-Kubo theory of…
Using the semi-classical Boltzmann theory, we calculate the conductivity as function of the carrier density. As usually, we include the scattering from charged impurities, but conclude that the estimated impurity density is too low in order…
A novel principle is presented which allows for the proof of bounded weak solutions to a class of physically relevant, strongly coupled parabolic systems exhibiting a formal gradient-flow structure. The main feature of these systems is that…
Entropy is one of the key thermodynamic variables reflecting changes in the state of matter. Unlike other thermodynamic variables, it is well-defined also for nonequilibrium steady states through its relation to information. Applying this…
We calculate the bulk-diffusion coefficient and the conductivity in a broad class of conserved-mass aggregation processes on a ring of discrete sites. These processes involve chipping and fragmentation of masses, which diffuse around and…
We derive a functional for the entropy contributed by any microscopic degrees of freedom as arising from their measurable pair correlations. Applicable both in and out of equilibrium, this functional yields the maximum entropy which a…
Nonequilibrium steady-state currents, unlike their equilibrium counterparts, continuously dissipate energy into their physical surroundings leading to entropy production and time-reversal symmetry breaking. This letter discusses these…