Related papers: Axial Current and Noether Charge
We are calculated the expectation value of the axial-vector current induced by the vacuum polarization effect of the Dirac field in constant external electromagnetic field. In calculations we use Schwinger's proper time method. The…
This paper is devoted to the study of mechanical systems subjected to external forces in the framework of symplectic geometry. We obtain a Noether's theorem for Lagrangian systems with external forces, among other results regarding…
We study gravitational theory in 1+2 spacetime dimensions which is determined by the Lagrangian constructed as a sum of the Einstein-Hilbert term plus the two (translational and rotational) gravitational Chern-Simons terms. When the…
The quantum effective action yields equations of motion and correlation functions including all quantum corrections. We discuss here how it encodes also Noether currents at the full quantum level. Interestingly, the construction can be…
In some of the physically interesting gauge systems, we show that the application of the Noether theorem does not lead to the deduction of the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) and anti-BRST charges that obey precisely the off-shell…
The Noether theorem for Hamiltonian constrained systems is revisited. In particular, our review presents a novel method to show that the gauge transformations are generated by the conserved quantities associated with the first class…
We extend the second Noether theorem to fractional variational problems which are invariant under infinitesimal transformations that depend upon $r$ arbitrary functions and their fractional derivatives in the sense of Caputo. Our main…
The recently derived current algebra of classical non-linear sigma models on arbitrary Riemannian manifolds is extended to include the energy-momentum tensor. It is found that in two dimensions the energy-momentum tensor $\theta_{\mu\nu}$,…
The relation between symmetries and local conservation laws, known as Noether's theorem, plays an important role in modern theoretical physics. As a discrete analog of the differentiable physical system, a good numerical scheme should admit…
Invariance theorems in analytical mechanics, such as Noether's theorem, can be adapted to continuum mechanics. For this purpose, it is useful to give a functional representation of the motion and to interpret the groups of invariance with…
We extend the Einstein-aether theory to include the Maxwell field in a nontrivial manner by taking into account its interaction with the time-like unit vector field characterizing the aether. We also include a generic matter term. We…
This paper brings a methodological character where we present a comprehensive formalism for constructing conserved quantities in the Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity (TEGR) and Symmetric Teleparallel Equivalent of General…
Liquid structure carries deep imprints of an inherent thermal invariance against a spatial transformation of the underlying classical many-body Hamiltonian. At first order in the transformation field the Noether theorem yields the local…
Einstein's theory in the vacuum was recently shown to possess an $SO(2)$ duality invariance, which is broken by coupling to matter. Duality invariance can be restored by enlarging the phase space of the theory to allow for violations of the…
Torsion gravity is a natural extension to Einstein gravity in the presence of the fermion matter sources. In this paper we adopt Wald's covariant method of Noether charge to construct the quasi-local energy of the Einstein-Cartan-fermion…
In the framework of an arbitrary $D$-dimensional metric theory, perturbations are considered on arbitrary backgrounds that are however solutions of the theory. Conserved currents for perturbations are presented following two known…
We revisit the definition and some of the characteristics of quadratic theories of gravity with torsion. We start from the most general Lagrangian density quadratic in the curvature and torsion tensors. By assuming that General Relativity…
The invariant projections of the energy-momentum tensors of Lagrangian densities for tensor fields over differentiable manifolds with contravariant and covariant affine connections and metrics [$(\bar{L}_n,g)$-spaces] are found by the use…
Einstein-aether gravity is a theory that breaks the local Lorentz symmetry by introducing a preferred direction via a vector field, which is considered to play the role of an aether. The theory is identified by four coupling constants…
We discuss general properties of the conservation law associated with a local symmetry. Using Noether's theorem and a generalized Belinfante symmetrization procedure in 3+1 dimensions, a symmetric energy-momentum (pseudo) tensor for the…