English
Related papers

Related papers: Formal Definition of AI

200 papers

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as large language models (LLMs) are already altering student learning. Unlike previous technologies, LLMs can independently solve problems regardless of student understanding, yet are not always…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-09-04 Eric Gao

The proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems exhibiting complex and seemingly agentive behaviours necessitates a critical philosophical examination of their agency, autonomy, and moral status. In this paper we undertake a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Paul Formosa , Inês Hipólito , Thomas Montefiore

Relentless progress in artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly raising concerns that machines will replace humans on the job market, and perhaps altogether. Eliezer Yudkowski and others have explored the possibility that a promising…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2016-02-12 Max Tegmark

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has apparently become one of the most important techniques discovered by humans in history while the human brain is widely recognized as one of the most complex systems in the universe. One fundamental critical…

In 1998, Fields medalist Stephen Smale [S. Smale, Mathematical problems for the next century, The mathematical Intelligencer, 20(2) (1998), 7-15] proposed his famous eighteen problems to the mathematicians of this century. The statement of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Santanu Acharjee , Upashana Gogoi

Between the narrow systems we deploy and the general intelligence we speculate about lies an entire regime of machine behavior that has never received its own name. This monograph argues that this regime is not empty: it is where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Boris Kriuk

The burgeoning of AI has prompted recommendations that AI techniques should be "human-centered". However, there is no clear definition of what is meant by Human Centered Artificial Intelligence, or for short, HCAI. This paper aims to…

The term artificial implies an inherent dichotomy from the natural or organic. However, AI, as we know it, is a product of organic ingenuity: designed, implemented, and iteratively improved by human cognition. The very principles that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Prajwal Ghimire , Keyoumars Ashkan

Explainable artificial intelligence techniques are developed at breakneck speed, but suitable evaluation approaches lag behind. With explainers becoming increasingly complex and a lack of consensus on how to assess their utility, it is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Edward Small , Yueqing Xuan , Danula Hettiachchi , Kacper Sokol

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a cognitive science to enables human to explore many intelligent ways to model our sensing and reasoning processes. Industrial AI is a systematic discipline to enable engineers to systematically develop and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Jay Lee , Jaskaran Singh , Moslem Azamfar

The adoption of human oversight measures makes it possible to regulate, to varying degrees and in different ways, the decision-making process of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, for example by placing a human being in charge of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Marion Ho-Dac , Baptiste Martinez

Artificial Intelligence models are becoming increasingly more powerful and accurate, supporting or even replacing humans' decision making. But with increased power and accuracy also comes higher complexity, making it hard for users to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Vivian S. Silva , André Freitas , Siegfried Handschuh

A key objective in artificial intelligence (AI) development is to create systems that match or surpass human creativity. Although current AI models perform well across diverse creative tasks, it remains unclear whether these achievements…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Man Zhang , Ying Li , Yang Peng , Yijia Sun , Wenxin Guo , Huiqing Hu , Shi Chen , Qingbai Zhao

The psychological science of artificial intelligence (AI) can be broadly defined as an emerging field of psychology that examines all AI-related mental and behavioral processes from the perspective of psychology. This field has been growing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zheng Yan , Ru-Yuan Zhang

With increasing ubiquity of artificial intelligence (AI) in modern societies, individual countries and the international community are working hard to create an innovation-friendly, yet safe, regulatory environment. Adequate regulation is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-05-25 Olivia J. Erdélyi , Judy Goldsmith

Artificial Intelligence is a field that lives many lives, and the term has come to encompass a motley collection of scientific and commercial endeavours. In this paper, I articulate the contours of a rather neglected but central scientific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Dimitri Coelho Mollo

This paper proposes that Artificial Intelligence (AI) progresses through several overlapping generations: AI 1.0 (Information AI), AI 2.0 (Agentic AI), AI 3.0 (Physical AI), and now a speculative AI 4.0 (Conscious AI). Each of these AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jiahao Wu , Hengxu You , Jing Du

Artificial intelligence (AI) research enjoyed an initial period of enthusiasm in the 1970s and 80s. But this enthusiasm was tempered by a long interlude of frustration when genuinely useful AI applications failed to be forthcoming. Today,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Jobst Landgrebe , Barry Smith

The promise of AI is huge. AI systems have already achieved good enough performance to be in our streets and in our homes. However, they can be brittle and unfair. For society to reap the benefits of AI systems, society needs to be able to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Jeannette M. Wing

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging technology that has the potential to transform many aspects of society, including the economy, healthcare, and transportation. This article synthesizes recent research literature on the global…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Chandregowda Pachegowda