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The intriguing observations of Swift/BAT X-ray flash XRF 060218 and the BATSE-BeppoSAX gamma-ray burst GRB 980425, both with much lower luminosity and redshift compared to other observed bursts, naturally lead to the question of how these…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Francisco Virgili , Enwei Liang , Bing Zhang

Long Gamma Ray Bursts (LGRBs) can be used to address key questions on the formation of the modern universe including: How does the star formation rate evolve at high redshift? When and how did the intergalactic medium become re-ionized?…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-04 Nicholas E. White

Using the sample of long Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by Swift-BAT before June 2007, we measure the cumulative distribution of the peak photon fluxes (log N - log P) of the Swift bursts. Compared with the BATSE sample, we find that the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Xinyu Dai

Context. The prompt-emission time profiles of GRB 230307A and other long-duration compact object merger (COM) candidates exhibit a unique set of temporal properties, characterised by a deterministic evolution of waiting times and pulse…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-17 R. Maccary , C. Guidorzi , L. Amati , M. Bulla , S. Kobayashi , M. Maistrello , A. Rossi , G. Stratta , A. Tsvetkova

Measuring gamma-ray burst (GRB) properties in their rest-frame is crucial to understand the physics at work in gamma-ray bursts. This can only be done for GRBs with known redshift. Since redshifts are usually measured from the optical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-02-22 Damien Turpin , Vincent Heussaff , Jean-Pascal Dezalay , Jean-Luc Atteia , Alain Klotz , Damien Dornic

In a few dozen seconds gamma ray bursts (GRBs) emit up to 10^54 erg in terms of an equivalent isotropically radiated energy Eiso, so they can be observed up to z ~10. Thus, these phenomena appear to be very promising tools to describe the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-14 Lorenzo Amati , Massimo Della Valle

As one of the most energetic and brightest events, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be treated as a promising probe of the high-redshift universe. Similar to type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), GRBs with same physical origin could be treated as…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-09 Jia-Lun Li , Yu-Peng Yang , Shuang-Xi Yi , Jian-Ping Hu , Fa-Yin Wang , Yan-Kun Qu

Blazars represent the most abundant class of high-energy extragalactic $\gamma$-ray sources. The subset of blazars known as BL Lac objects is on average closer to Earth and characterized by harder spectra at high energy than the whole…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-05-26 M. Di Mauro , F. Donato , G. Lamanna , D. A. Sanchez , P. D. Serpico

We present a comprehensive study for the gamma-ray luminosity function (GLF) of blazars and their contribution to the extragalactic diffuse gamma-ray background (EGRB). Radio and gamma-ray luminosity correlation is introduced to take into…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 Takuro Narumoto , Tomonori Totani

The recent detections of bright optical/infrared kilonova signals following two long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs), GRB 211211A and GRB 230307A, have significantly challenged the traditional classification of GRBs. These merger-driven…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-24 Yacheng Kang , Jin-Ping Zhu , Yu-Han Yang , Ziming Wang , Eleonora Troja , Bing Zhang , Lijing Shao , Zhuo Li

The cosmological expansion cannot produce the reported correlations of the gamma-ray burst timescale and spectral energy with peak flux if the burst model reproduces the BATSE 3B peak-flux distribution for a non-evolving burst source…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 J. J. Brainerd

We examine the width of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) luminosity function through the distribution of GRB peak count rates, C$_{\rm{peak}}$, as detected by BATSE (\cite{batse:93}). In the context of galactic corona spatial distribution models,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 Andrew Ulmer , Ralph A. M. J. Wijers

Spectral lag, the time difference between the arrival of high-energy and low-energy photons, is a common feature in Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs). Norris et al. 2000 reported a correlation between the spectral lag and the isotropic peak…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-13 T. N. Ukwatta , M. Stamatikos , K. S. Dhuga , T. Sakamoto , S. D. Barthelmy , A. Eskandarian , N. Gehrels , L. C. Maximon , J. P. Norris , W. C. Parke

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are divided into short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) and long gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) based on the bimodal distribution of their durations. LGRBs and SGRBs are typically characterized by different statistical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-09-01 Yun Wang , Lu-Yao Jiang , Jia Ren

We examine the prospects of the high redshift Long Gamma Ray Bursts (LGRB) Hubble Diagram as a test of the basic cosmological principles. Analysis of the Hubble Diagram allows us to test several fundamental cosmological principles using the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 S. I. Shirokov , I. V. Sokolov , N. Yu. Lovyagin , L. Amati , Yu. V. Baryshev , V. V. Sokolov , V. L. Gorokhov

Evolution of the rate density of cosmological gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is calculated and compared to the BATSE brightness distribution in the context of binary neutron-star mergers as the source of GRBs, taking account of the realistic star…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-06 Tomonori Totani

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most violent explosions in the Universe and can be used to explore the properties of high-redshift universe. It is believed that the long GRBs are associated with the deaths of massive stars. So it is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 H. Yu , F. Y. Wang , Z. G. Dai , K. S. Cheng

The class of long gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) is associated with the collapse of the most massive stars, making them a tool to investigate star formation in the early Universe. Furthermore, thanks to their exceptional brightness, LGRB…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-02-07 S. D. Vergani

In this catalog, we present the results of a systematic study of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with reliable redshift estimates detected in the triggered mode of the Konus-Wind (KW) experiment during the period from 1997 February to 2016 June.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-11-30 A. Tsvetkova , D. Frederiks , S. Golenetskii , A. Lysenko , P. Oleynik , V. Pal'shin , D. Svinkin , M. Ulanov , T. Cline , K. Hurley , R. Aptekar

We have applied the proposed variability -> luminosity indicator to ten "X-Ray Flashes" (XRFs) observed by the Wide-Field Cameras on BeppoSAX for which BATSE survey data exists. Our results suggest that the variability -> luminosity…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. E. Reichart , D. Q. Lamb , R. M. Kippen , J. Heise , J. J. M. in't Zand , M. Nysewander
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