Related papers: Entropy generation in a chemical reaction
We investigate the fundamental relation between entropy production rate and the speed of energy exchange between a system and baths in classical Markov processes. We establish the fact that quick energy exchange inevitably induces large…
We consider thermodynamic systems with finitely many degrees of freedom and subject to an external control action. We derive some basic results on the dependence of the relative entropy production rate on the controlling force. Applications…
The apparent thermalization of the particles produced in hadronic collisions can be obtained by quantum entanglement of the partons of the initial state once a fast hard collision is produced. The scale of the hard collision is related to…
Entropy can signify different things: For instance, heat transfer in thermodynamics or a measure of information in data analysis. Many entropies have been introduced and it can be difficult to ascertain their different importance and…
On a fine grained scale the Gibbs entropy of an isolated system remains constant throughout its dynamical evolution. This is a consequence of Liouville's theorem for Hamiltonian systems and appears to contradict the second law of…
A colloquial interpretation of entropy is that it is the knowledge gained upon learning the outcome of a random experiment. Conditional entropy is then interpreted as the knowledge gained upon learning the outcome of one random experiment…
According to the first and second laws of thermodynamics and the definitions of work and heat, microscopic expressions for the non-equilibrium entropy production have been achieved. Recently, a redefinition of heat has been presented in…
Thermodynamics is usually developed starting from entropy and the maximum entropy principle. We investigate here to what extent one can replace entropy with relative entropy which has several advantages, for example in the context of local…
Fluctuations in parameters that are typically treated as fixed play a crucial role in the behavior of complex systems. However, to date, we lack a general non-equilibrium thermodynamic treatment of such a complex system. In this Letter, to…
The equilibria formed by the self-gravitating, collisionless collapse of simple initial conditions have been investigated for decades. We present the results of our attempts to describe the equilibria formed in $N$-body simulations using…
Collections of self-propelled particles that move persistently by continuously consuming free energy are a paradigmatic example of active matter. In these systems, unlike Brownian "hot colloids", the breakdown of detailed balance yields a…
Entropy production characterizes the thermodynamic irreversibility and reflects the amount of heat dissipated into the environment and free energy lost in nonequilibrium systems. According to the thermodynamic uncertainty relation, we…
The problems of conditional entropy's definition and the formula to compute conditional entropy are analyzed from various perspectives, and the corrected computing formula is presented. Examples are given to prove the conclusion that…
Using the stochastic thermodynamics, we determine the entropy production and the dynamic heat capacity of systems subject to a sinusoidally time dependent temperature, in which case the systems are permanently out of thermodynamic…
Chemical reaction systems operating in nonequilibrium open-system states arise in a great number of contexts, including the study of living organisms, in which chemical reactions, in general, are far from equilibrium. Here we introduce a…
Entropy production and the detailed fluctuation theorem are of fundamental importance for thermodynamic processes. In this paper, we study the multiple entropy production for multitime quantum processes in a unified framework. For closed…
A generalization of the Gibbs entropy postulate is proposed based on the BBGKY hierarchy as the nonequilibrium entropy for a system of N interacting particles. This entropy satisfies the basic principles of thermodynamics in the sense that…
We illustrate the mathematical theory of entropy production in repeated quantum measurement processes developed in a previous work by studying examples of quantum instruments displaying various interesting phenomena and singularities. We…
The third law of thermodynamics dictates that the entropy of materials becomes zero as temperature ($T$) approaches zero. Contrarily, glass and other similar materials exhibit nonzero entropy at $T=0$, which contradicts the third law. For…
Fluctuation theorems allow one to make generalised statements about the behaviour of thermodynamic quantities in systems that are driven far from thermal equilibrium. In this article we use Crooks' fluctuation theorem to understand the…