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Wireless sensor networks are collections of large number of sensor nodes. The sensor nodes are featured with limited energy, computation and transmission power. Each node in the network coordinates with every other node in forwarding their…
Because sensor nodes operate on power limited batteries, sensor functionalities have to be designed carefully. In particular, designing energy-efficient packet forwarding is important to maximize the lifetime of the network and to minimize…
An energy efficient routing protocol is the major concern in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In this survey paper, we present energy efficient hierarchical routing protocols, developed from conventional LEACH routing protocol. Main focus…
This work focusses on analyzing the optimization strategies of routing protocols with respect to energy utilization of sensor nodes in Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs). Different routing mechanisms have been proposed to address energy…
A Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) can be described as a collection of untethered sensor nodes. An important application of WSNs is in the field of real-time communication. Real-time communication is a critical service which requires a…
The sensor nodes in a Wireless Sensor Network are generally constrained with limited power supply. Efficient power management is a must for any sensor network to keep the sensor nodes in the network to be operational for a longer period of…
WSNs are envisioned to consist of many small devices that can sense the environment and communicate the data as required. The most critical requirement for widespread sensor networks is power efficiency since battery replacement is not…
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) experiences several technical challenges such as limited energy, short transmission range, limited storage capacities, and limited computational capabilities. Moreover, the sensor nodes are deployed randomly…
An energy efficient routing protocol is the major attentiveness for researcher in field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In this paper, we present some energy efficient hierarchal routing protocols, prosper from conventional Low Energy…
Energy efficient routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is one of the most challenging task for researcher. Hierarchical routing protocols have been proved more energy efficient routing protocols, as compare to flat and…
We show how recent theoretical advances for data-propagation in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can be combined to improve gradient-based routing (GBR) in Wireless Sensor Networks. We propose a mixed-strategy of direct transmission and…
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are often deployed in hostile environments, which make such networks highly vulnerable and increase the risk of attacks against this type of network. WSN comprise of large number of sensor nodes with…
In this research work, we advise gateway based energy-efficient routing protocol (M-GEAR) for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). We divide the sensor nodes into four logical regions on the basis of their location in the sensing field. We…
Routing in Software-Defined Wireless sensor networks (SD-WSNs) can be either single or multi-hop, whereas the network is either static or dynamic. In static SD-WSN, the selection of the optimum route from source to destination is…
Cluster based routing technique is most popular routing technique in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Due to varying need of WSN applications efficient energy utilization in routing protocols is still a potential area of research. In this…
This paper presents an Adaptive Greedy-compass Energy-aware Multipath protocol (AGEM), a novel routing protocol for wireless multimedia sensors networks (WMSNs). AGEM uses sensors node positions to make packet forwarding decisions. These…
In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), typically composed of nodes with resource constraints, leveraging efficient processes is crucial to enhance the network lifetime and, consequently, the sustainability in ultra-dense and heterogeneous…
There are many challenges when designing and deploying wireless sensor networks (WSNs). One of the key challenges is how to make full use of the limited energy to prolong the lifetime of the network, because energy is a valuable resource in…
The advent and development in the field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in recent years has seen the growth of extremely small and low-cost sensors that possess sensing, signal processing and wireless communication capabilities. These…
Routing is one of the critical and ongoing challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks. The main challenge has always been to have a routing protocol that reduces the communication overhead, hence saving the energy of the sensors in the network.…