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By revisiting previous definitions of the heat current operator, we show that one can define a heat current operator that satisfies the continuity equation for a general Hamiltonian in one dimension. This expression is useful for studying…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Lian-Ao Wu , Dvira Segal

We use a recently proved fluctuation theorem for the currents to develop the response theory of nonequilibrium phenomena. In this framework, expressions for the response coefficients of the currents at arbitrary orders in the thermodynamic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-13 D. Andrieux , P. Gaspard

Thermodynamical fluctuations of temperature in mirrors of gravitational wave antennae are transformed through thermal expansion coefficient into additional noise. This source of noise, which may also be interpreted as fluctuations due to…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-10-31 V. B. Braginsky , M. L. Gorodetsky , S. P. Vyatchanin

We consider a system of $d$ non-linear stochastic heat equations driven by an $m$-dimensional space-time white noise on $\mathbb{R}_+\times \mathbb{R}$. In this paper we study the asymptotic behavior of spatial averages over large intervals…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-31 David Nualart , Bhargobjyoti Saikia

The classical theory of Brownian motion rests on fundamental laws of statistical mechanics, such as the equipartition theorem and the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, which are not applicable in non-isothermal situations. We derive the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-06-10 Gianmaria Falasco , Manuel Victor Gnann , Klaus Kroy

We study anomalous transport in a one-dimensional system with two conserved quantities in presence of thermal baths. In this system we derive exact expressions of the temperature profile and the two point correlations in steady state as…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-10-10 Priyanka , Aritra Kundu , Abhishek Dhar , Anupam Kundu

The thermovoltage of a chaotic quantum dot is measured using a current heating technique. The fluctuations in the thermopower as a function of magnetic field and dot shape display a non-Gaussian distribution, in agreement with simulations…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 S. F. Godijn , S. Moeller , H. Buhmann , L. W. Molenkamp , S. A. van Langen

This review summarizes recent studies of thermal transport in nanoscaled semiconductors. Different from bulk materials, new physics and novel thermal properties arise in low dimensional nanostructures, such as the abnormal heat conduction,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-01-14 Nuo Yang , Xiangfan Xu , Gang Zhang , Baowen Li

The Nyquist formula quantifies the thermal noise driven fluctuations of voltage across a resistance in equilibrium. We deal here with the case of a resistance driven out of equilibrium by putting it in contact with two thermostats at…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-07-16 Benjamin Monnet , Sergio Ciliberto , Ludovic Bellon

Materials that are constantly driven out of thermodynamic equilibrium, such as active and living systems, typically violate the Einstein relation. This may arise from active contributions to particle fluctuations which are unrelated to the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-01-07 Benjamin Sorkin , Haim Diamant , Gil Ariel , Tomer Markovich

It is a long-lasting task to understand heat conduction phenomena beyond Fourier. Besides the low-temperature experiments on extremely pure crystals, it has turned out recently that heterogeneous materials with macro-scale size can also…

We consider the thermodynamic potential describing the macroscopic fluctuation of the current and local energy of a general class of Hamiltonian models including aerogels. We argue that this potential is neither analytic nor strictly…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Raphael Lefevere , Mauro Mariani , Lorenzo Zambotti

We present a detailed derivation of Fourier's law in a class of stochastic energy exchange systems that naturally characterize two-dimensional mechanical systems of locally confined particles in interaction. The stochastic systems consist…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-08-29 Pierre Gaspard , Thomas Gilbert

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations quantify how the signal-to-noise ratio of a given observable is constrained by dissipation. Fluctuation relations generalize the second law of thermodynamics to stochastic processes. We show that any…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-11-26 Patrick P. Potts , Peter Samuelsson

Motivated by stochastic models of climate phenomena, the steady-state of a linear stochastic model with additive Gaussian white noise is studied. Fluctuation theorems for nonequilibrium steady-states provide a constraint on the character of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-01-04 Jeffrey B. Weiss

Applying simultaneously the methodology of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics with Internal Variables (NET-IV) and the framework of General Equation for the Non-Equilibrium Reversible-Irreversible Coupling (GENERIC), we demonstrate that, in…

Classical Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Mátyás Szücs , Michal Pavelka , Róbert Kovács , Tamás Fülöp , Péter Ván , Miroslav Grmela

The notion of fluctuation-induced forces is generalized to the cases where the fluctuations have nonequilibrium origin. It is shown that a net force is exerted on a single flat plate that restricts scale-free fluctuations of a scalar field…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 Ali Najafi , Ramin Golestanian

Studies about the constructive aspects of noise and fluctuations in different non-linear systems have shown that the addition of external noise to systems with an intrinsic noise may result in a less noisy response. Recently, the…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 D. Persano Adorno , N. Pizzolato , B. Spagnolo

We give a rigorous derivation of Fourier's law from a system of closure equations for a nonequilibrium stationary state of a Hamiltonian system of coupled oscillators subjected to heat baths on the boundary. The local heat flux is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jean Bricmont , Antti Kupiainen

We investigate the 1/f noise properties of epitaxial graphene devices at low temperatures as a function of temperature, current and magnetic flux density. At low currents, an exponential decay of the 1/f noise power spectral density with…