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Primordial black holes (PBHs) are a profound signature of primordial cosmological structures and provide a theoretical tool to study nontrivial physics of the early Universe. The mechanisms of PBH formation are discussed and observational…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 M. Yu. Khlopov

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are, typically light, black holes which can form in the early Universe. There are a number of formation mechanisms, including the collapse of large density perturbations, cosmic string loops and bubble…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-07 Anne M. Green

It is argued that the bulk of black holes (BH) in the universe are primordial (PBH). This assertion is strongly supported by the recent astronomical observations, which allow to conclude that supermassive BHs with $M= (10^6 - 10^9) M_\odot$…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-27 A. D. Dolgov

We discuss the formation of supermassive black holes in the early universe, and how to probe their subsequent evolution with the upcoming mm/sub-mm telescope ALMA. We first focus on the chemical and radiative conditions for black hole…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Dominik R. G. Schleicher , Robi Banerjee , Sharanya Sur , Simon C. O. Glover , Marco Spaans , Ralf S. Klessen

Recent astronomical data on Black hole observations are reviewed. The arguments in favor that the observed black holes are predominantly primordial (PBH) are presented. The mass spectrum of PBH is best fit to the log-normal one. A model of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 A. D. Dolgov

Primordial black holes (PBHs) may form before cosmological first-order phase transitions, leading to inevitable collisions between PBHs and bubble walls. In this Letter, we have simulated for the first time the co-evolution of an expanding…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-26 Zi-Yan Yuwen , Cristian Joana , Shao-Jiang Wang , Rong-Gen Cai

Aspects of primordial black holes, i.e. black holes formed in the early Universe, are reviewed. Special emphasis is put on their formation, their role as dark matter candidates and their manifold signatures, particularly through…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-25 Albert Escrivà , Florian Kuhnel , Yuichiro Tada

The recently confirmed correlation between the mass of SMBH and bulges of galaxies (and their central velocity dispersion), suggest a common formation scenario for galaxies and their central black holes. Common fueling can be invoked…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Combes

Recent gravitational wave (GW) observations of binary black hole (BH) mergers and the stochastic GW background have triggered renewed interest in primordial black holes (PBHs) in the stellar-mass ($\sim 10 - 100\ \rm M_\odot$) and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-24 Boyuan Liu , Volker Bromm

The possibility that dark matter could be primordial black holes is discussed with an emphasis on the most commonly studied inflationary dynamics that could have produced them.

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-20 Guillermo Ballesteros

The formation of supermassive black holes (SMBH) is intimately related to galaxy formation, although precisely how remains a mystery. I speculate that formation of, and feedback from, SMBH may alleviate problems that have arisen in our…

Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-28 Joseph Silk

Almost every galaxy in the local Universe is observed to have a massive black hole in the centre. The properties of these black holes are observed to tightly correlate with those of their host galaxy which has been interpreted as…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-01 Ricarda S. Beckmann , Rebecca J. Smethurst

Massive black holes (BHs) are at once exotic and yet ubiquitous, residing in the centers of massive galaxies in the local Universe. Recent years have seen remarkable advances in our understanding of how these BHs form and grow over cosmic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-03 David M. Alexander , Ryan C. Hickox

Black holes, an extreme consequence of the mathematics of General Relativity, have long been suspected of being the prime movers of quasars, which emit more energy than any other objects in the Universe. Recent evidence indicates that…

This review addresses one of the important topics of current astrophysical research, namely the role that supermassive black holes play in shaping the morphology of their host galaxies. There is increasing evidence for the presence of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Duccio Macchetto

Supermassive black holes exist in the centers of galaxies, including Milky Way, but there is no compelling theory of their formation. Furthermore, observations of quasars imply that supermassive black holes have already existed at some very…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-04-16 Masahiro Kawasaki , Alexander Kusenko , Tsutomu T. Yanagida

Recent James Webb Space Telescope observations have unveiled that the first supermassive black holes (SMBHs) were in place at z $\geq$ 10, a few hundred Myrs after the Big Bang. These discoveries are providing strong constraints on the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-31 Muhammad A. Latif , Sadegh Khochfar

Primordial black holes (PBHs) may be part of the dark matter. It is shown here that PBHs form more easily during cosmic phase transitions. For approximately scale-invariant primordial curvature fluctuations the PBH mass function may…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-18 Karsten Jedamzik

We investigate a hierarchical structure formation scenario describing the evolution of a Super Massive Black Holes (SMBHs) population. The seeds of the local SMBHs are assumed to be 'pregalactic' black holes, remnants of the first POPIII…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-29 M. Volonteri , F. Haardt , P. Madau , A. Sesana

We explore the consequences of a novel but increasingly well-supported hypothesis that supermassive black holes may have formed from primordial black holes form ed prior to, and rapidly growing in, the radiation-dominated universe. We show…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-11 Jeremy Mould , Adam Batten