Related papers: Insertable system for fast turnaround time microwa…
Access to lower temperatures has consistently enabled scientific breakthroughs. Pushing the limits of \emph{on-chip} temperatures deep into the microkelvin regime would open the door to unprecedented quantum coherence, novel quantum states…
The ability to control and measure the temperature of propagating microwave modes down to very low temperatures is indispensable for quantum information processing, and may open opportunities for studies of heat transport at the nanoscale,…
Quantum technologies promise a radically new way to solve classically intractable computing problems. Superconducting circuits as a platform are at the forefront of this field. The cryogenic operation temperatures of superconducting…
We describe the development and performance of an ultra-high vacuum scanning tunneling microscope working under combined extreme conditions of ultra-low temperatures and high magnetic fields. We combined a top-loading dilution refrigerator…
With the demand for scalable cryogenic microwave circuitry continuously rising, recently developed flexible microwave striplines offer the tantalyzing perspective of increasing the cabling density by an order of magnitude without thermally…
Cooling microwave resonators to near the quantum ground state, crucial for their operation in the quantum regime, is typically achieved by direct device refrigeration to a few tens of millikelvin. However, in quantum experiments that…
We report the implementation of a dilution-refrigerator-based scanning microwave impedance microscope (MIM) with a base temperature of ~ 100 mK. The vibration noise of our apparatus with tuning-fork feedback control is as low as 1 nm. Using…
A design and implementation of "in-cell" magnetic refrigeration to achieve sub-10 mK temperatures T in cryogen-free dilution refrigerators is presented. The ultra low temperatures below 5 mK are attained in finite magnetic fields B up to 1…
Cryogenic confocal microscopy is a powerful method for studying solid state quantum devices such as single photon sources and optically controlled qubits. While the vast majority of such studies have been conducted at temperatures of a few…
We outline calibrated measurements of the microwave reflection coefficient from the tunnel junction of an ultra-high vacuum low temperature scanning tunneling microscope. The microwave circuit design is described in detail, including an…
We present a superconducting microresonator thermometer based on two-level systems (TLS) that is drop-in compatible with cryogenic microwave systems. The operational temperature range is 50-1000~mK (which may be extended to 5~mK), and the…
We report experimental demonstration of the feasibility of reaching temperatures below 1 mK using cryogen-free technology. Our prototype system comprises an adiabatic nuclear demagnetisation stage, based on hyperfine-enhanced nuclear…
What is the minimum time required to take a temperature? In this paper, we solve this question for a large class of processes where temperature is inferred by measuring a probe (the thermometer) weakly coupled to the sample of interest, so…
Combined microwave and dc electrical transport measurements at low temperatures represent a valuable experimental method in many research areas. In particular, when samples are conventional superconductors, a typical experiment requires a…
Quantum communication in the microwave regime is set to play an important role in distributed quantum computing and hybrid quantum networks. However, typical superconducting quantum circuits require millikelvin temperatures for operation,…
We have designed and built a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) setup for operation at millikelvin temperatures in ultra high vacuum. A compact cryostat with an integrated dilution refrigerator has been built, that allows measurements at a…
A simple, low-cost millimeter-wave (70 GHz) interferometer with a phase accuracy better than plus or minur 2 degrees, and a response time of 10 ns is described. The simplicity of this interferometer makes it ideal for measurement of…
We present a new generation of a scanning MicroSQUID microscope operating in an inverted dilution refrigerator. The MicroSQUIDs have a size of 1.21$ \ \mu$m\textsuperscript{2} and a magnetic flux sensitivity of 120 $\mu\Phi_{0} /…
We studied noise properties of microwave signals transmitted through the cryogenic resonator. The experiments were performed with the 11.342 GHz sapphire loaded cavity resonator cooled to 6.2 K. Based on the measured transmission…
A switch capable of routing microwave signals at cryogenic temperatures is a desirable component for state-of-the-art experiments in many fields of applied physics, including but not limited to quantum information processing, communication…