Related papers: Dark Energy: a Brief Review
A physical mechanism that produces three energy components is proposed as the common origin of dark energy and dark matter. The first two have equations of state W ~ 0 and act like dark matter, while the last has W ~ -1 at low redshifts…
A review of the new of the problem of dark energy using modified gravity approach is considered. An explanation of the difficulties facing modern cosmology is given and different approaches are presented. We show why some models of gravity…
Understanding the nature of the dark energy is one of the most important task in cosmology. In principle several cosmological observations can be used to discriminate amid a static cosmological constant contribution and a dynamical…
In this brief review, we examine the theoretical consistency and viability of phantom dark energy. Almost all data sets from cosmological probes are compatible with dark energy of the phantom variety (i.e., equation-of-state parameter…
Observations provide increasingly strong evidence that the universe is accelerating. This revolutionary advance in cosmological observations confronts theoretical cosmology with a tremendous challenge, which it has so far failed to meet.…
Despite the observational success of the standard model of cosmology, present-day observations do not tightly constrain the nature of dark matter and dark energy and modifications to the theory of general relativity. Here, we will discuss…
There is compelling evidence that the Universe is undergoing a late phase of accelerated expansion. One of the simplest explanations for this behaviour is the presence of dark energy. A plethora of microphysical models for dark energy have…
This review summarizes recent attempts to reconstruct the expansion history of the Universe and to probe the nature of dark energy. Reconstruction methods can be broadly classified into parametric and non-parametric approaches. It is…
The introduction of an interaction for dark energy to the standard cosmology offers a potential solution to the cosmic coincidence problem. We examine the conditions on the dark energy density that must be satisfied for this scenario to be…
Dark energy is investigated from the perspective of quantum cosmology. It is found that, together with an appropriate normal ordering factor $q$, only when there is dark energy then can the cosmological wave function be normalized. This…
These lectures aim to highlight the remarkable symbiosis that currently exists between the physics of the very small and the physics of the very large, using the unsolved puzzle of the nature of Dark Energy as a vehicle for so doing. The…
We present a unifying treatment of dark energy and modified gravity that allows distinct conformal-disformal couplings of matter species to the gravitational sector. In this very general approach, we derive the conditions to avoid ghost and…
Some issues of the cosmological constant or dark energy are briefly reviewed. There are an increasing number of observations that constrain the equation of state of dark energy more stringently and favor the time-independent cosmological…
It is now well accepted that both Dark Matter and Dark Energy are required in any successful cosmological model. Although there is ample evidence that both Dark components are necessary, the conventional theories make no prediction for the…
Cosmological models involving an interaction between dark matter and dark energy have been proposed in order to solve the so-called coincidence problem. Different forms of coupling have been studied, but there have been claims that…
Recent cosmological observations suggest that the dark energy equation of state may have changed in the latter stages of cosmic history. We introduce a quintessence scenario, termed bounded dark energy, capable of explaining this feature in…
A huge amount of good quality astrophysical data converges towards the picture of a spatially flat universe undergoing the today observed phase of accelerated expansion. This new observational trend is commonly addressed as Precision…
These lecture notes aim to provide an introduction to dark matter from the perspective of astrophysics/cosmology. We start with a rapid overview of cosmology, including the evolution of the Universe, its thermal history and structure…
In this non-specialist review I look at how weak lensing can provide information on the dark sector of the Universe. The review concentrates on what can be learned about Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Dark Gravity, and why. On Dark Matter,…
New observations of Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies, Supernovae luminosity distances and Galaxy Clustering are sharpening our knowledge about dark energy. Here we present the latest constraints.