Related papers: On extracting common random bits from correlated s…

An old conjecture of Kahn and Saks says, roughly, that any poset $P$ of large enough width contains elements $x,y$ which are "balanced" in the sense that the probability that $x$ precedes $y$ in a uniformly random linear extension of $P$ is…

Extraction of structure, in particular of group symmetries, is increasingly crucial to understanding and building intelligent models. In particular, some information-theoretic models of parsimonious learning have been argued to induce…

In blind compression of quantum states, a sender Alice is given a specimen of a quantum state $\rho$ drawn from a known ensemble (but without knowing what $\rho$ is), and she transmits sufficient quantum data to a receiver Bob so that he…

We present efficient counting and sampling algorithms for random $k$-SAT when the clause density satisfies $\alpha \le \frac{2^k}{\mathrm{poly}(k)}.$ In particular, the exponential term $2^k$ matches the satisfiability threshold…

We consider multi-armed bandit problems in social groups wherein each individual has bounded memory and shares the common goal of learning the best arm/option. We say an individual learns the best option if eventually (as $t\to \infty$) it…

Recent works have shown that tokenisation is NP-complete. However, these works assume tokenisation is applied to inputs with unboundedly large alphabets -- an unrealistic assumption, given that in practice tokenisers operate over fixed-size…

For a certain class of distributions, we prove that the linear programming relaxation of $k$-medoids clustering---a variant of $k$-means clustering where means are replaced by exemplars from within the dataset---distinguishes points drawn…

Two parties, Alice and Bob, wish to distill a binary secret key out of a list of correlated variables that they share after running a quantum key distribution protocol based on continuous-spectrum quantum carriers. We present a novel…

We study the role of interaction in the Common Randomness Generation (CRG) and Secret Key Generation (SKG) problems. In the CRG problem, two players, Alice and Bob, respectively get samples $X_1,X_2,\dots$ and $Y_1,Y_2,\dots$ with the pairs…

We prove a strong Symmetry of Information relation for random strings (in the sense of Kolmogorov complexity) and establish tight bounds on the amount on nonuniformity that is necessary for extracting a string with randomness rate 1 from a…

We study the problem of extracting randomness from somewhere-random sources, and related combinatorial phenomena: partition analogues of Shearer's lemma on projections. A somewhere-random source is a tuple $(X_1, \ldots, X_t)$ of (possibly…

We introduce a simple time-triggered protocol to achieve communication-efficient non-Bayesian learning over a network. Specifically, we consider a scenario where a group of agents interact over a graph with the aim of discerning the true…

How can heuristic strategies emerge from smaller building blocks? We propose Approximate Bayesian Computation as a computational solution to this problem. As a first proof of concept, we demonstrate how a heuristic decision strategy such as…

This paper presents a method to calculate the exact average block error probability of some random code ensembles under maximum-likelihood decoding. The proposed method is applicable to various channels and ensembles. The focus is on both…

In this paper we provide a method to obtain tight lower bounds on the minimum redundancy achievable by a Huffman code when the probability distribution underlying an alphabet is only partially known. In particular, we address the case where…

Bounds on the entropy of patterns of sequences generated by independently identically distributed (i.i.d.) sources are derived. A pattern is a sequence of indices that contains all consecutive integer indices in increasing order of first…

We consider the communication complexity of fundamental longest common prefix (Lcp) problems. In the simplest version, two parties, Alice and Bob, each hold a string, $A$ and $B$, and we want to determine the length of their longest common…

We outline a straightforward approach for obtaining a secret key rate using only no-signaling constraints and linear programming. Assuming an individual attack, we consider all possible joint probabilities. Initially, we study only the case…

A circuit $\mathcal{C}$ samples a distribution $\mathbf{X}$ with an error $\epsilon$ if the statistical distance between the output of $\mathcal{C}$ on the uniform input and $\mathbf{X}$ is $\epsilon$. We study the hardness of sampling a…

In this article, we show that a linear combination $X$ of $n$ independent, unbiased Bernoulli random variables $\{X_k\}$ can match the first $2n$ moments of a random variable $Y$ which is uniform on an interval. More generally, for each $p…