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The circular polarization of gravitational waves is a powerful observable to test parity violation in gravity and to distinguish between the primordial or the astrophysical origin of the stochastic background. This property comes from the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-02 Lorenzo Valbusa Dall'Armi , Atsushi Nishizawa , Angelo Ricciardone , Sabino Matarrese

In this paper, we investigate the inflationary phenomenology of parity-violating (PV) extensions of symmetric teleparallel gravity by applying this PV gravity theory to axion inflation. The presence of PV terms induces velocity…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-19 Rongrong Zhai , Chengjie Fu , Xiangyun Fu , Puxun Wu , Hongwei Yu

We study the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) from the collapse of density perturbations induced by primordial gravitational waves (PGWs). The PGWs' interpretation of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) detected by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-14 Utkarsh Kumar

There has been increasing interest in investigating the possible parity violating features in the gravity theory and on the cosmological scales. In this work, we consider a class of scalar-nonmetricity theory, of which the Lagrangian is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-14 Zheng Chen , Yang Yu , Xian Gao

Gravitational waves (GWs) distort galaxy shapes through the tidal effect, offering a novel avenue to probe the nature of gravity. In this paper, we investigate how extra GW polarizations beyond those predicted by general relativity imprint…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-10 Yusuke Mikura , Teppei Okumura , Misao Sasaki

We discuss the polarization signature of primordial gravitational waves imprinted in cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies. The high-energy physics motivated by superstring theory or M-theory generically yield parity violating…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Shun Saito , Kiyotomo Ichiki , Atsushi Taruya

A stochastic gravitational wave background is expected to emerge from the superposition of numerous gravitational wave sources of both astrophysical and cosmological origin. A number of cosmological models can have a parity violation,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-13 Katarina Martinovic , Charles Badger , Mairi Sakellariadou , Vuk Mandic

High-frequency primordial gravitational waves (PGWs) with wave numbers larger than the Hubble parameter at the end of inflation are originated from the ultraviolet (UV) modes, which are never stretched out of the horizon. Such a UV tail of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-09 Shi Pi , Misao Sasaki , Ao Wang , Jianing Wang

Stochastic background of gravitational waves (GW) generated by the interactions between primordial black holes (PBH) in the early universe and by PBH evaporation is considered. If PBHs dominated in the cosmological energy density prior to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-02 A. D. Dolgov

Parity violation in the gravitational sector is a prediction of many theories beyond general relativity. In the propagation of gravitational waves, parity violation manifests by inducing amplitude and/or velocity birefringence between…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-10 Thomas Callister , Leah Jenks , Daniel Holz , Nicolás Yunes

Gravitational parity violation arises in a variety of theories beyond general relativity. Gravitational waves in such theories have their propagation altered, leading to birefringence effects in both the amplitude and speed of the wave. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-19 Leah Jenks , Lyla Choi , Macarena Lagos , Nicolás Yunes

We investigate the propagation of the gravitational waves in a cosmological background. Based on the framework of spatially covariant gravity, we derive the general quadratic action for the gravitational waves. The spatial derivatives of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-01 Xian Gao , Xun-Yang Hong

Gravitational waves (GWs) may be produced by various mechanisms in the early universe. In particular, if parity is violated, it may lead to the production of parity-violating GWs. In this paper, we focus on GWs on the scale of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-18 Teppei Okumura , Misao Sasaki

This thesis focuses on gravitational waves (GWs) that arise beyond linear order in cosmological perturbation theory. In recent years, scalar-induced GWs have attracted significant attention because they may serve as the observational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-13 Raphael Picard

We study the polarizations of gravitational waves (GWs) in two classes of extended gravity theories. First, we formulate the polarizations in linear massive gravity (MG) with generic mass terms of non-Fierz-Pauli type by identifying all the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-15 Tomoya Tachinami , Shinpei Tonosaki , Yuuiti Sendouda

We investigate the gravitational waves and their properties in various modified teleparallel theories, such as $f(T), f(T,B)$ and $f(T,T_G)$ gravities. We perform the perturbation analysis both around a Minkowski background, as well as in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-21 Gabriel Farrugia , Jackson Levi Said , Viktor Gakis , Emmanuel N. Saridakis

We discuss polarization of gravitational radiation within the standard framework of linearized general relativity. The recent experimental discovery of gravitational waves provides the impetus to revisit the implications of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-22 Bahram Mashhoon , Sohrab Rahvar

Recently, Horava formulated a renormalizable theory of quantum gravity that reduces to general relativity at large distances but violates Lorentz invariance at small distances. The absolute time involved in this theory allows to define an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 H. Nikolic

We propose a novel method to probe primordial gravitational waves by means of primordial black holes (PBHs). When the amplitude of primordial tensor perturbations on comoving scales much smaller than those relevant to Cosmic Microwave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-05-17 Tomohiro Nakama , Teruaki Suyama

We study primordial gravitational waves (GWs) generated from first-order phase transitions (PTs) during cosmic reheating. Using a minimal particle physics model, and a general parametrization of the inflaton energy density and the evolution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-04 Amitayus Banik , Nicolás Bernal , Fazlollah Hajkarim