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We analyze the effect of companion stars on the bulk density of 29 planets orbiting 15 stars in the Kepler field. These stars have at least one stellar companion within 2", and the planets have measured masses and radii, allowing an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-02 E. Furlan , S. B. Howell

Understanding the relationship between long-period giant planets and multiple smaller short-period planets is critical for formulating a complete picture of planet formation. This work characterizes three such systems. We present Kepler-65,…

The Kepler-9 system harbors three known transiting planets. The system holds significant interest for several reasons. First, the outer two planets exhibit a period ratio that is close to a 2:1 orbital commensurability, with attendant…

We carry out an independent search of Kepler photometry for small transiting planets with sizes 0.5--8.0 times that of Earth and orbital periods between 5 and 50 days, with the goal of measuring the fraction of stars harboring such planets.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Erik A. Petigura , Geoffrey W. Marcy , Andrew W. Howard

The Kepler space mission discovered about a dozen planets orbiting around binary stars systems. Most of these circumbinary planets lie near their instability boundaries at about 3 to 5 binary separations. Past attempts to match these final…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-13 A. B. T. Penzlin , W. Kley , R. P. Nelson

S-type planets, which orbit one component of multiple-star systems, place strong constraints on the planet formation and evolution models. A notable case study is Kepler-444, a triple-star system whose primary is orbited by five planets…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-23 M. Stalport , E. C. Matthews , V. Bourrier , A. Leleu , J. -B. Delisle , S. Udry

NASA's Kepler mission revealed that $\sim 30\%$ of Solar-type stars harbor planets with sizes between that of Earth and Neptune on nearly circular and co-planar orbits with periods less than 100 days. Such short-period compact systems are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-05 Sarah Millholland , Gregory Laughlin

We present two new planetary systems found around cool dwarf stars with data from the K2 mission. The first system was found in K2-239 (EPIC 248545986), char- acterized in this work as M3.0V and observed in the 14th campaign of K2. It…

The transits of a planet on a Keplerian orbit occur at time intervals exactly equal to the period of the orbit. If a second planet is introduced the orbit is not Keplerian and the transits are no longer exactly periodic. We compute the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Agol , J. Steffen , R. Sari , W. Clarkson

Kepler will monitor a sufficient number of stars that it is likely to detect single transits of planets with periods longer than the mission lifetime. We show that by combining the exquisite Kepler photometry of such transits with precise…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Jennifer C. Yee , B. Scott Gaudi

We report the discovery of Kepler-77b (alias KOI-127.01), a Saturn-mass transiting planet in a 3.6-day orbit around a metal-rich solar-like star. We combined the publicly available Kepler photometry (quarters 1-13) with high-resolution…

Doppler measurements of two G-type main-sequence stars, HD210277 and HD168443, reveal Keplerian variations that imply the presence of companions with masses (M sin i) of 1.28 and 5.04 M_Jup and orbital periods of 437 d and 58 d,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Geoffrey W. Marcy , R. Paul Butler , Steven S. Vogt , Debra Fischer , Michael C. Liu

The majority of binary stars do not eclipse. Current searches for transiting circumbinary planets concentrate on eclipsing binaries, and are therefore restricted to a small fraction of potential hosts. We investigate the concept of finding…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-29 David V. Martin , Amaury H. M. J. Triaud

We present new planet candidates identified in NASA Kepler quarter two public release data by volunteers engaged in the Planet Hunters citizen science project. The two candidates presented here survive checks for false-positives, including…

The Kepler mission has provided high quality light curves for more than 2000 eclipsing binaries. Tertiary companions to these binaries can be detected if they transit one or both stars in the binary or if they perturb the binary enough to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-26 Jerome A. Orosz

Recently, a number of planets orbiting binary stars have been discovered by the Kepler space telescope. In a few systems the planets reside close to the dynamical stability limit. Due to the difficulty of forming planets in such close…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Wilhelm Kley , Nader Haghighipour

Transiting planets have greatly expanded and diversified the exoplanet field. These planets provide greater access to characterization of exoplanet atmospheres and structure. The Kepler mission has been particularly successful in expanding…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Stephen R. Kane , Thomas Barclay , Dawn M. Gelino

K2-19 (EPIC201505350) is an interesting planetary system in which two transiting planets with radii ~ 7 $R_{Earth}$ (inner planet b) and ~ 4 $R_{Earth}$ (outer planet c) have orbits that are nearly in a 3:2 mean-motion resonance. Here, we…