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We present the new combinatorial class of product-coproduct prographs which are planar assemblies of two types of operators: products having two inputs and a single output and coproducts having a single input and two outputs. We show that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-04 Nicolas Borie

The aim of this paper is to give two new algorithms, which are elimination free, to find polynomial and rational solutions for a given holonomic system associated to a set of linear differential operators in the Weyl algebra D = k<x_1, ...,…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 T. Oaku , N. Takayama , H. Tsai

Computer science students often struggle with abstract theoretical concepts, particularly in introductory courses on theoretical computer science. One such challenge is understanding context-free languages and their various representations.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Florian Schmalstieg , Marko Schmellenkamp , Jakob Schwerter , Thomas Zeume

The aim of this paper is to construct general forms of ordinary generating functions for special numbers and polynomials involving Fibonacci type numbers and polynomials, Lucas numbers and polynomials, Chebyshev polynomials, Sextet…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-06-16 Yilmaz Simsek

Partial ordinary Bell polynomials are used to formulate and prove a version of the Fa\`{a} di Bruno's formula which is convenient for handling nonlinear terms in the differential transformation. Applicability of the result is shown in two…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2019-01-30 Josef Rebenda

To cater to the needs of (Zero Knowledge) proofs for (mathematical) proofs, we describe a method to transform formal sentences in 2x2-matrices over multivariate polynomials with integer coefficients, such that usual proof-steps like…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Mihai Prunescu

We prove exact asymptotic expansions for the partial sums of the sequences of central binomial coefficients and Catalan numbers, $\sum_{k=0}^n \binom{2k}{k}$ and $\sum_{k=0}^n C_n$. We also obtain closed forms for the polynomials…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-01-13 Sandro Mattarei

We present an algorithm for the following problem: given a context-free grammar for the word problem of a virtually free group $G$, compute a finite graph of groups $\mathcal{G}$ with finite vertex groups and fundamental group $G$. Our…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-21 Géraud Sénizergues , Armin Weiß

Binet formulae for three versions of third-order Pell polynomials are derived.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-03 Helmut Prodinger

Equation discovery, also known as symbolic regression, is a type of automated modeling that discovers scientific laws, expressed in the form of equations, from observed data and expert knowledge. Deterministic grammars, such as context-free…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Jure Brence , Ljupčo Todorovski , Sašo Džeroski

Similar to the associated Legendre functions, the differential equation for the associated Bessel functions $B_{l,m}(x)$ is introduced so that its form remains invariant under the transformation $l\rightarrow -l-1$. A Rodrigues formula for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-09-25 H. Fakhri , B. Mojaveri , M. A. Gomshi Nobary

This paper develops a deeper understanding of the structure and combinatorial significance of the partition function for Hermitian random matrices. The coefficients of the large N expansion of the logarithm of this partition function,also…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-03-25 N. M. Ercolani

Motivated by independent results of Bizley and Duchon, we study rational Dyck paths and their subset of factor-free elements. On the one hand, we give a bijection between rational Dyck paths and regular Dyck paths with ascents colored by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-26 Daniel Birmajer , Juan B. Gil , Michael D. Weiner

We use Riordan array theory to give characterizations of the Borel triangle and its associated polynomial sequence. We show that the Borel polynomials are the moment sequence for a family of orthogonal polynomials whose coefficient array is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-27 Paul Barry

The problem of identifying a probabilistic context free grammar has two aspects: the first is determining the grammar's topology (the rules of the grammar) and the second is estimating probabilistic weights for each rule. Given the hardness…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Dolav Nitay , Dana Fisman , Michal Ziv-Ukelson

Let $\mathcal S$ be a set of monic degree $2$ polynomials over a finite field and let $C$ be the compositional semigroup generated by $\mathcal S$. In this paper we establish a necessary and sufficient condition for $C$ to be consisting…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-13 Andrea Ferraguti , Giacomo Micheli , Reto Schnyder

Matrix congruence can be used to mimic linear maps between homogeneous quadratic polynomials in $n$ variables. We introduce a generalization, called standard-form congruence, which mimics affine maps between non-homogeneous quadratic…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-09-19 Jason Gaddis

In this paper, we introduce the notions of quasi-triangular and factorizable Poisson bialgebras. A factorizable Poisson bialgebra induces a factorization of the underlying Poisson algebra. We prove that the Drinfeld classical double of a…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Yuanchang Lin , Dilei Lu

The paper describes a parser for Categorial Grammar which provides fully word by word incremental interpretation. The parser does not require fragments of sentences to form constituents, and thereby avoids problems of spurious ambiguity.…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2016-08-31 David Milward

In this paper, we introduce a new class of polynomials, called probabilistic q-Bernstein polynomials, alongside their generating function. Assuming Y is a random variable satisfying moment conditions, we use the generating function of these…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-04-01 Ayse Karagenc , Mehmet Acikgoz , Serkan Araci