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Saturn's E ring consists of micron-sized particles launched from Enceladus by that moon's geological activity. A variety of small-scale structures in the E-ring's brightness have been attributed to tendrils of material recently launched…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-20 M. M. Hedman , M. Young

Numerous land and space-based observations have established that Saturn has a persistent hexagonal flow pattern near its north pole. While observations abound, the physics behind its formation is still uncertain. Although several…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-07-20 Rakesh Kumar Yadav , Jeremy Bloxham

We carry out general relativistic ray-tracing radiative-transfer calculations to study whether a localized emission from $e^{\pm}$ plasma rings created at the stagnation surface in the jet funnel, to which we refer as stagnation rings, can…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-24 Tomohisa Kawashima , Kenji Toma , Motoki Kino , Kazunori Akiyama , Masanori Nakamura , Kotaro Moriyama

Saturn's polar stratosphere exhibits the seasonal growth and dissipation of broad, warm, vortices poleward of $\sim75^\circ$ latitude, which are strongest in the summer and absent in winter. The longevity of the exploration of the Saturn…

Saturn's northern summertime hemisphere was mapped by JWST/MIRI (4.9-27.9 $\mu$m) in November 2022, tracing the seasonal evolution of temperatures, aerosols, and chemical species in the five years since the end of the Cassini mission. The…

Saturn's ionosphere is produced when the otherwise neutral atmosphere is exposed to a flow of energetic charged particles or solar radiation. At low latitudes the latter should result in a weak planet-wide glow in infrared (IR),…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-29 J. O'Donoghue , T. S. Stallard , H. Melin , G. H. Jones , S. W. H. Cowley , S. Miller , K. H. Baines , J. S. D. Blake

We investigate a massive ($\varSigma \sim 10000 g cm^{-2}$ at 1 AU) protoplanetary disc model by means of 3D radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulations. The vertical structure of the disc is determined self-consistently by a balance between…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 M. Flaig , W. Kley , R. Kissmann

Planetary rings are ubiquitous structure in our Solar System, but their formation mechanisms remain under debate. One of the proposed scenarios is the tidal disruption of a nearby passing body that enters within a planet's Roche limit,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-14 Naoya Torii , Shigeru Ida , Ryuki Hyodo

Saturn's moon Iapetus has an equatorial ridge system, which may be as high as 20 km, that may have formed by endogenic forces, such as tectonic and convective forces, or exogenic processes such as debris infall. We use high-resolution…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-22 Erika Lopez Garcia , Edgard G. Rivera-Valentin , Paul M. Schenk , Noah P. Hammond , Amy C. Barr

We analytically work out the orbital effects caused by a Rindlertype extra-acceleration ARin which naturally arises in some recent models of modified gravity at large distances. In particular, we focus on the perturbations induced by it on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-24 Lorenzo Iorio

Using Spitzer photometry at 4.5 microns, we search for rings and satellites around the long period transiting planet CoRoT-9b. We observed two transits in 2010 and 2011. From their non-detection, we derive upper limits on the plausible…

The origin of Saturn's inner mid-sized moons (Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione and Rhea) and Saturn's rings is debated. Charnoz et al. (2010) introduced the idea that the smallest inner moons could form from the spreading of the rings' edge…

The two major factors contributing to the opposition brightening of Saturn's rings are i) the intrinsic brightening of particles due to coherent backscattering and/or shadow-hiding on their surfaces, and ii) the reduced interparticle…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Heikki Salo , Richard G. French

Gravitational interactions between a protoplanetary disk and its embedded planet is one of the formation mechanisms of gaps and rings found in recent ALMA observations. To quantify the gap properties measured in not only surface density but…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-06 Han Gyeol Yun , Woong-Tae Kim , Jaehan Bae , Cheongho Han

Venus' atmosphere shows highly variable warm vortices over both of the planet's poles. The nature of the mechanism behind their formation and properties is still unknown. Potential vorticity is a conserved quantity when advective processes…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-02 I. Garate-Lopez , R. Hueso , A. Sánchez-Lavega , A. García Muñoz

Several thousand solar masses of molecular, atomic and ionized gas lie in the innermost ~10 pc of our Galaxy. The most relevant structure of molecular gas is the circumnuclear ring (CNR), a dense and clumpy ring surrounding the supermassive…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-01-20 Michela Mapelli , Alessandro A. Trani

Jet impingement enhances heat transfer and is characterised by the complex flow patterns formed when a jet impacts a plate aligned normal to it. While traditional round jet impingement has been extensively studied to understand flow and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-05-30 Premchand V. Chandra , Pradip Dutta

Vorticity generated in heavy-ion collisions at energy of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 39 GeV is studied. Simulations are performed within a model of the three-fluid dynamics. A peculiar structure consisting of two vortex rings is found: one ring in the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-05-04 Yu. B. Ivanov , A. A. Soldatov

We investigate the effects of varying Saturn's orbit on the atmospheric circulation and surface methane distribution of Titan. Using a new general circulation model of Titan's atmosphere, we simulate its climate under four characteristic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-30 Juan M. Lora , Jonathan I. Lunine , Joellen L. Russell , Alexander G. Hayes