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We compare horizontal velocities, vertical magnetic fields and evolution of trees of fragmenting granules (TFG, also named families of granules) derived in the quiet Sun at disk center from observations at solar minimum and maximum of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-11 J. M. Malherbe , T. Roudier , R. Stein , Z. Frank

The purpose of this paper is to characterize the statistical properties of solar granulation in the photosphere and low chromosphere up to 650 km. We use velocity and intensity variations obtained at different atmospheric heights from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 R. Kostik , E. Khomenko , N. Shchukina

A high level of complex structure, or ``granularity'', has been observed in the distribution of infrared-obscuring material towards the Galactic Centre (GC), with a characteristic scale of 5arcsec - 15arcsec, corresponding to 0.2 - 0.6pc at…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Andrew J. Gosling , Katherine M. Blundell , Reba Bandyopadhyay

Turbulent convection efficiently transports energy up to the solar photosphere, but its multi-scale nature and dynamic properties are still not fully understood. Several works in the literature have investigated the emergence of patterns of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-28 F. Giannattasio , F. Berrilli , G. Consolini , D. Del Moro , M. Gosic , L. Bellot Rubio

Stellar granulation arises from near-surface convection and is imprinted in stellar photometric time series, yet links between granulation observables and fundamental stellar properties remain underexploited. We aim to establish a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-27 Jens R. Larsen , Mia S. Lundkvist , Guy R. Davies , Martin B. Nielsen

Small-scale magnetic flux emergence in the quiet Sun is crucial for maintaining solar magnetic activity. On the smallest scales studied so far, namely within individual granules, two mechanisms have been identified: emergence in tiny…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-05 S. M. Díaz-Castillo , C. E. Fischer , F. Moreno-Insertis , S. L. Guglielmino , R. Ishikawa , S. Criscuoli

A parametric model of granulation employing a small number of parameters was developed. Synthetic spectra calculated using this model closely match observed spectra and, in particular, reproduce the asymmetries observed in spectral lines.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 Timo A. Nieminen

High resolution G-band images of the interior of a supergranulation cell show ubiquitous Bright Points (some 0.3 BPs per Mm^2). They are located in intergranular lanes and often form chains of elongated blobs whose smallest dimension is at…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Sanchez Almeida , I. Marquez , J. A. Bonet , I. Dominguez Cerdena , R. Muller

Solar granules are bright patterns surrounded by dark channels called intergranular lanes in the solar photosphere and are a manifestation of overshooting convection. Observational studies generally find stronger upflows in granules and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-01 T. Oba , T. L. Riethmüller , S. K. Solanki , Y. Iida , C. Quintero Noda , T. Shimizu

The solar photosphere is the visible surface of the Sun, where many bright granules, surrounded by narrow dark intergranular lanes, are observed everywhere. The granular pattern is a manifestation of convective motion at the photospheric…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-15 T. Oba , Y. Iida , T. Shimizu

Previous studies have discovered a population of small granules with diameters less than 800 km showing differing physical properties. High resolution simulations and observations of the solar granulation, in combination with automated…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-15 Birgit Lemmerer , Arnold Hanslmeier , Herbert Muthsam , Isabell Piantschitsch

Supergranulation is characterized by horizontally divergent flows with typical length scales of 32 Mm in the solar photosphere. Unlike granulation, the size of which is comparable to both the thickness of the radiative boundary layer and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-05 Jean-Francois Cossette , Mark Peter Rast

Deciphering and understanding the small-scale magnetic activity of the quiet solar photosphere should help to solve many of the key problems of solar and stellar physics, such as the magnetic coupling to the outer atmosphere and the coronal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Trujillo Bueno , N. Shchukina , A. Asensio Ramos

We have carried out numerical simulation based on the equations of radiation magnetohydrodynamics to study the interaction of solar granules and small-scale magnetic fields in photospheric regions with various magnetic fluxes. Four…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-09 I. N. Atroshchenko , V. A. Sheminova

We present the first quiet Sun spectropolarimetric observations obtained with the Visible SpectroPolarimeter (ViSP) at the $4-$m Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST). We recorded observations in a wavelength range that includes the…

Supergranulation on the surface of the Sun is an organized cellular flow pattern with a characteristic scale of 30 Mm. It is superficially similar to the well understood granulation that operates at the 1.5 Mm natural scale of convection,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 L. Gizon , T. L. Duvall , J. Schou

Exploding granules on the solar surface play a major role in the dynamics of the outer part of the convection zone, especially in the diffusion of the magnetic field. We aim to develop an automated procedure able to investigate the location…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-30 J. Ballot , T. Roudier

Based on IMaX/Sunrise data, we report on a previously undetected phenomenon in solar granulation. We show that in a very narrow region separating granules and intergranular lanes the spectral line width of the Fe I 5250.2 A line becomes…

We present high-precision spectro-polarimetric data with high spatial resolution (0.4$''$) of the very quiet Sun at 1.56$\mu$m obtained with the GREGOR telescope to shed some light on this complex magnetism. Half of our observed quiet-Sun…

Recent studies suggest that the magnetic switchbacks (SBs) detected by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) carry information on the scales of solar supergranulation (large scale) and granulation (medium scale). We test this claim using…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-18 Jeongwoo Lee , Vasyl Yurchyshyn , Haimin Wang , Xu Yang , Wenda Cao , Juan Carlos Martinez Oliveros