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During Phase-2 of the LHC, known as the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), the accelerator will increase its instantaneous luminosity to 5 $\times$ 10$^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, delivering an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb$^{-1}$ over 10 years…
The muon trigger system of the CMS experiment uses a combination of hardware and software to identify events containing a muon. During Run 2 (covering 2015-2018) the LHC achieved instantaneous luminosities as high as 2 $\times$…
The Muon Upgrade Phase II of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) aims to guarantee the optimal conditions of the present system and extend the $\eta$ coverage to ensure a reliable system for the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC)…
We have exposed seven full length production quality crystals of the electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) of the CMS detector to a 20 GeV/c proton beam at the CERN PS accelerator. The exposure was done at fluxes of 10**12 p/cm**2/h and 10**13…
The highlights of the recent activities and physics results leading up to the summer of 2018 from the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented here. The CMS experiment has a very…
The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is undergoing an extensive Phase II upgrade program to prepare for the challenging conditions of the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). A new timing layer is…
The CMS muon system at the LHC is built of different detector technologies. The measurement of the background hit rates in the different muon detectors during the LHC Run-2 is of prime importance for an assessment of the longevity of the…
The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is designed to study a wide range of high energy physics phenomena. It employs a large all-silicon tracker within a 3.8 T magnetic solenoid, which allows precise…
The planned upgrade of the LHC accelerator at CERN, namely the high luminosity (HL) phase of the LHC (HL-LHC foreseen for 2023), will result in a more intense radiation environment than the present tracking system was designed for. The…
The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC will be upgraded to accommodate the 5-fold increase in the instantaneous luminosity expected at the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). Concomitant with this increase will be an increase in the number of…
The present Compact Muon Solenoid silicon pixel tracking system has been designed for a peak luminosity of 1034cm-2s-1 and total dose corresponding to two years of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) operation. With the steady increase of the…
The High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) era, set to begin in 2029, will provide the general-purpose experiments with an instantaneous luminosity of up to $\mathcal{L} = 7.5 \times 10^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ from pp collisions at a centre-of-mass…
Radiation damage significantly impacts the performance of silicon tracking detectors in Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments such as ATLAS and CMS, with signal reduction being the most critical effect; adjusting sensor bias voltage and…
As part of its HL-LHC upgrade program, the CMS collaboration is replacing its existing endcap calorimeters with a high-granularity calorimeter (CE). The new calorimeter is a sampling calorimeter with unprecedented transverse and…
Electronic components used in high energy physics experiments are subjected to a radiation background composed of high energy hadrons, mesons and photons. These particles can induce permanent and transient effects that affect the normal…
The operation and performance of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) are presented, based on data collected in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, in the years from 2015 to 2018 (LHC Run 2),…
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), scheduled to start operation in 2006, is foreseen to provide in the first year of running a total of $\sim 10^{12}$ $\tau$ leptons. CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) is a general-purpose experiment designed to…
The performance of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter upgraded readout electronics, developed for the High-Luminosity phase of the LHC, is discussed. Data collected in two beam test campaigns conducted in 2018 and 2021 at the H4 and H2…
Heavy ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will produce strongly interacting matter at unprecedented energy densities. At LHC collision energies, new hard probes of the dense initial collision system will become readily…
The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is one of two general-purpose detectors that reconstruct the products of high energy particle interactions at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. The silicon pixel detector is the innermost component of the…