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We study the influence of the choice of cooling function on the formation of molecular clouds in high-resolution three-dimensional simulations of converging flows. We directly compare the results obtained using the simple, parametrized…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-15 Milica Micic , Simon C. O. Glover , Robi Banerjee , Ralf S. Klessen

We used CO (2-1) and CO (1-0) data cubes to identify molecular clouds and study their kinematics and dynamics in three nearby galaxies and the inner Milky Way. When observed at similar spatial and velocity resolutions, molecular clouds in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-03 J. W. Zhou , Sami Dib

Constraining the physical and chemical evolution of molecular clouds is essential to our understanding of star formation. These investigations often necessitate knowledge of some local representative number density of the gas along the line…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-02 Brandt A. L. Gaches , Michael Y. Grudić

We develop a toy-model for the chemical evolution of the intracluster medium, polluted by the galactic winds from elliptical galaxies. The model follows the "galaxy formation history" of cluster galaxies, constrained by the observed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Portinari , A. Moretti , C. Chiosi

As both simulations and observations reach the resolution of the star-forming molecular clouds, it becomes important to clarify if these two techniques are discussing the same objects in galaxies. We compare clouds formed in a high…

We present a first attempt to construct an analytic model for a clumped gas and dust disk and apply it to the Galactic Centre. The clumps are described as isothermal spheres partially ionized by the external UV radiation field. The disk…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 B. Vollmer , W. J. Duschl

Using hydrodynamic simulations we investigate the time evolution and fragmentation of regions within molecular clouds which have lost their turbulent support leading to gravitational contraction. The initial density distributions are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Ralf Klessen , Andreas Burkert

Giant molecular clouds (GMCs) are the sites of star formation in the Galaxy. Many of their properties can be understood in terms of a model in which the GMCs and the star-forming clumps within them are in approximate pressure equilibrium,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Christopher F. McKee

In this work, we investigate the properties of a population of cool clouds in simulated galaxy outflows. Using data from the CGOLS isolated galaxy simulations, we generate catalogues of $\sim 10^5$ clouds. We describe the impact of two…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-10-16 Orlando Warren , Evan E. Schneider , S. Alwin Mao , Matthew W. Abruzzo

Recent models and simulations of cluster formation within molecular clumps consider multi-scale, hierarchical accretion, which leads to clump mass growth over time. This mode of mass accumulation could have implications regarding the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-11 Nicholas Larose , C. R. Kerton , Kathryn Devine , Grace Wolf-Chase

We have modified the iterative procedure introduced by Lin et al. (2016), to systematically combine the submm images taken from ground based (e.g., CSO, JCMT, APEX) and space (e.g., Herschel, Planck) telescopes. We applied the updated…

In an exploration of the birthplaces of globular clusters, we present a careful examination of the formation of self-gravitating gas clouds within assembling dark matter haloes in a hierarchical cosmological model. Our high-resolution…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Melinda L. Weil , Ralph E. Pudritz

The probability distribution function (PDF) of the mass surface density is an essential characteristic of the structure of molecular clouds or the interstellar medium in general. Observations of the PDF of molecular clouds indicate a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 Joerg Fischera

Spatial association of clumps from different tracers turns out to be a valuable tool to determine the physical properties of molecular clouds. It provides a reliable estimate for the $X$-factors, serves to trace the density of clumps seen…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-14 Todor V. Veltchev , Volker Ossenkopf-Okada , Orlin Stanchev , Nicola Schneider , Sava Donkov , Ralf S. Klessen

Dust grains play a fundamental role in galaxies, influencing both their evolution and observability. As a result, incorporating dust physics into galaxy evolution simulations is essential. This is a challenging task due to the finite…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-16 Massimiliano Parente

Giant molecular clouds (GMCs) are the sites of star formation and stellar feedback in galaxies. Their properties set the initial conditions for star formation and their lifecycles determine how feedback regulates galaxy evolution. In recent…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-21 Mélanie Chevance , Mark R. Krumholz , Anna F. McLeod , Eve C. Ostriker , Erik W. Rosolowsky , Amiel Sternberg

We report the second complete molecular line data release from the {\em Census of High- and Medium-mass Protostars} (CHaMP), a large-scale, unbiased, uniform mapping survey at sub-parsec resolution, of mm-wave line emission from 303…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-03-15 Peter J. Barnes , Audra K. Hernandez , Stefan N. O'Dougherty , William J. Schap , Erik Muller

We construct a model by integrating observational constraints from the Milky Way and nearby galaxies to predict cloud-scale star formation rates (SFRs). In the model, we first estimate the initial total mass of clumps in a cloud based on…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-10 J. W. Zhou , Amelie Saintonge , Sami Dib , Pavel Kroupa

The mass function of molecular clouds and clumps is shallower than the mass function of young star clusters, gas-embedded and gas-free alike, as their respective mass function indices are $\beta_0 \simeq 1.7$ and $\beta_\star \simeq 2$. We…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-20 Genevieve Parmentier

The development of models for matter infall from a collapsing molecular cloud is an essential part of numerical studies on the formation and evolution of protoplanetary disks. In this article, the widely used Nakamoto and Nakagawa (1994)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-25 E. R. Redkin , E. I. Vorobyov