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We present constructions of countable two-dimensional subshifts of finite type (SFTs) with interesting properties. Our main focus is on properties of the topological derivatives and subpattern posets of these objects. We present a countable…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-10-03 Ville Salo , Ilkka Törmä

We study two relations on multi-dimensional subshifts: A pre-order based on the patterns configurations contain and the Cantor-Bendixson rank. We exhibit several structural properties of two-dimensional subshifts: We characterize the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-09-25 Alexis Ballier , Emmanuel Jeandel

We study two-dimensional subshifts whose horizontal trace (a.k.a. projective subdynamics) contains only points of finite support. Our main result is a classification result for such subshifts satisfying a minimality property. As…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-02-05 Ville Salo

We show that the values of entropies of multidimensional shifts of finite type (SFTs) are characterized by a certain computation-theoretic property: a real number $h\geq 0$ is the entropy of such an SFT if and only if it is right…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-09-23 Michael Hochman , Tom Meyerovitch

Using a deterministic version of the self-similar (or hierarchical, or fixed-point ) method for constructing 2-dimensional subshifts of finite type (SFTs), we construct aperiodic 2D SFTs with a unique direction of non-expansiveness and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-03-18 Charalampos Zinoviadis

Subshifts are sets of colorings of $\mathbb{Z}^d$ defined by families of forbidden patterns. In a given subshift, the extender set of a finite pattern is the set of all its admissible completions. Since soficity of $\mathbb{Z}$ subshifts is…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Antonin Callard , Léo Paviet Salomon , Pascal Vanier

We study the parametrized complexity of fundamental relations between multidimensional subshifts, such as equality, conjugacy, inclusion, and embedding, for subshifts of finite type (SFTs) and effective subshifts. We build on previous work…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Nicanor Carrasco-Vargas , Benjamin Hellouin de Menibus , Rémi Pallen

The study of subshifts on groups different from $\mathbb{Z}$, such as $\mathbb{Z}^d$, $d\geq 2$, has been a subject of intense research in recent years. These investigations have unveiled aremarkable connection between dynamics and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-05-21 Nicanor Carrasco-Vargas

In this article, we study classes of multidimensional subshifts defined by multihead finite automata, in particular the hierarchy of classes of subshifts defined as the number of heads grows. The hierarchy collapses on the third level,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-08-29 Ville Salo , Ilkka Törmä

In this paper we study the directions of periodicity of three-dimensional subshifts of finite type (SFTs) and in particular their slopes. A configuration of a subshift has a slope of periodicity if it is periodic in exactly one direction,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Etienne Moutot , Pascal Vanier

In this paper we are interested in computability aspects of subshifts and in particular Turing degrees of 2-dimensional SFTs (i.e. tilings). To be more precise, we prove that given any \pizu subset $P$ of $\{0,1\}^\NN$ there is a SFT $X$…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-06-04 Emmanuel Jeandel , Pascal Vanier

In this article, we study countable sofic shifts of Cantor-Bendixson rank at most 2. We prove that their conjugacy problem is complete for GI, the complexity class of graph isomorphism, and that the existence problems of block maps, factor…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-08-29 Ville Salo , Ilkka Törmä

We show that the possible Cantor-Bendixson ranks of countable SFTs are exactly the finite ordinals and ordinals of the form $\lambda + 3$, where $\lambda$ is a computable ordinal. This result was claimed by the author in his PhD…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-03-12 Ilkka Törmä

We use monadic second-order logic to define two-dimensional subshifts, or sets of colorings of the infinite plane. We present a natural family of quantifier alternation hierarchies, and show that they all collapse to the third level. In…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-06-30 Ilkka Törmä

We show that the sets of periods of multidimensional shifts of finite type (SFTs) are exactly the sets of integers of the complexity class $\NE$. We also show that the functions counting their number are the functions of #E. We also give…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-03-12 Emmanuel Jeandel , Pascal Vanier

Sofic shifts are symbolic dynamical systems defined by the set of bi-infinite sequences on an edge-labeled directed graph, called a presentation. We study the computational complexity of an array of natural decision problems about…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Justin Cai , Rafael Frongillo

A multidimensional sofic shift is called countably covered if it has an SFT cover containing only countably many configurations. In contrast to the one-dimensional setting, not all countable sofic shifts are countably covered. We…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Ilkka Törmä

As a variant of the equal entropy cover problem, we ask whether all multidimensional sofic shifts with countably many configurations have SFT covers with countably many configurations. We answer this question in the negative by presenting…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-09-12 Ilkka Törmä

Minimal Cantor systems of finite topological rank (that can be represented by a Bratteli-Vershik diagram with a uniformly bounded number of vertices per level) are known to have dynamical rigidity properties. We establish that such systems,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-03-17 Sebastián Donoso , Fabien Durand , Alejandro Maass , Samuel Petite

In this work we study the entropies of subsystems of shifts of finite type (SFTs) and sofic shifts on countable amenable groups. We prove that for any countable amenable group $G$, if $X$ is a $G$-SFT with positive topological entropy $h(X)…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-02-21 Robert Bland , Kevin McGoff , Ronnie Pavlov
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